A voice or thunder sounds. Some hear the Divine saying "I have recognized and will recognize. Jesus says it was for his listeners' sake.
John 12:31 Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out.
John 12:31 Now is the time for judgment on this world; now the prince of this world will be driven out.
Now, a decision point belongs to this society. Now, the overseer of this society will be tossed out, outside.
The Greek word translated as "judgment" means a decision point. It is the source of our word "crisis." Its primary meaning is "a separating," a division of the past and the future. There is no "the" before it. It is added. Jesus said "a point of decision."
The word translated as "world" means the world of men, "society." However, the "of this world" phrase doesn't modify the word, "judgment." It is the genitive object of the verb, which changes the meaning of "is" into "belongs to."
The word translated as "prince" means a top person, the one in authority. In English, words such as archbishops, archenemy, and archangel all come from this root. The odd thing is that it is singular, not plural. The "high one of the world" could only be thought of in Jesus's time as the Roman Emperor. During this period, those emperors were tossed out every few of years.
The humor comes at the end, as it does so often in Jesus's verses. The word translated as "caste" and "driven" actually means "tossed out." The "out" is its prefix. The verb without the prefix is common, but this verb includes the idea of "out." The last word is an exaggeration of this prefix, meaning "outside." So Jesus is saying "will be tossed out, outside!" The humor of repetition and exaggeration are both used.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "is" does not capture the specific meaning of the word in this situation
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "the" doesn't exist in the source.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "of" should be something more like "to."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "world" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "world" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "caste" does not capture the specific meaning of the word.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "outside" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "is" does not capture the specific meaning of the word in this situation
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The phrase "the time of" doesn't exist in the source.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "on" should be something more like "to."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "world" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "world" is not shown in the English translation.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "driven" should be something more like "toss."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "outside" is not shown in the English translation.
Now -- The Greek word translated as "now" means "now," "at the present moment,""presently," and "as it is."
is -- (CW) The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics. With the genitive object, the sense is "belongs to." The "of this world" is the genitive object here.
the -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "the" in the Greek source.
judgment -- The Greek word translated as "judgment" means distinguishing among choices and "separating" things. Christ uses it in a variety of ways, though the KJV usually translates it as "judgment." It also means a "turning point," since it is the source of the meaning of "crisis" has in English. Only secondarily does it means "judgment" as in a court judgment.
of -- (WW) This word "of" comes from the genitive case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. This is the most common translation of this form but here, this is the genitive object of the verb, so "to" works best.
this -- "This" is a demonstrative pronoun that means "this," "here," "the nearer," and "the familiar." It often stands apart from its noun, acting like a pronoun, "this one here" or "this here." When it follows the noun it emphasizes it, "this one."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
world: -- Jesus uses the word translated as "world" to mean "the world order," and "civilization," specifically its "rulers," or its organization. Today, we use the word "society" or "regime" in this sense. More about this word in this article about related words.
now -- The Greek word translated as "now" means "now," "at the present moment," "presently," and "as it is."
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, without a noun, it has the sense of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
prince - "Prince" is from the Greek word that means "ruler," and "magistrate." This is the word used in the phrase "the prince of the world" (John 12:31), who Christ castes down.
of -- This word "of" comes from the genitive case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is the "of" of possession.
this -- "This" is a demonstrative pronoun that means "this," "here," "the nearer," and "the familiar." It often stands apart from its noun, acting like a pronoun, "this one here" or "this here." When it follows the noun it emphasizes it, "this one."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
world: -- Jesus uses the word translated as "world" to mean "the world order," and "civilization," specifically its "rulers," or its organization. Today, we use the word "society" or "regime" in this sense. More about this word in this article about related words.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
cast -- (CW) "Cast" is a verb that means "toss out." Depending on the context, it can mean "toss out," "turn out," or "take out." It is usually translated as "cast out" in the NT. This is not the simple word that means "tossed" but the one that means "tossed out."
out. - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix.
missing "outside" -- (MW) The untranslated word "outside" means "out of a place" and "outside." This is not a more extreme version of the prefix of the verb, which means simply "out." This has more of the sense of "outside."
Now -- The Greek word translated as "now" means "now," "at the present moment,""presently," and "as it is."
is -- (CW) The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics. With the genitive object, the sense is "belongs to." The "of this world" is the genitive object here.
the time for -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "the time of" in the Greek source.
judgment -- The Greek word translated as "judgment" means distinguishing among choices and "separating" things. Christ uses it in a variety of ways, though the KJV usually translates it as "judgment." It also means a "turning point," since it is the source of the meaning of "crisis" has in English. Only secondarily does it means "judgment" as in a court judgment.
on -- (WW) This word "of" comes from the genitive case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. "Of" is the most common translation of this form but here, this is the genitive object of the verb, so "to" works best.
this -- "This" is a demonstrative pronoun that means "this," "here," "the nearer," and "the familiar." It often stands apart from its noun, acting like a pronoun, "this one here" or "this here." When it follows the noun it emphasizes it, "this one."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
world: -- Jesus uses the word translated as "world" to mean "the world order," and "civilization," specifically its "rulers," or its organization. Today, we use the word "society" or "regime" in this sense. More about this word in this article about related words.
now -- The Greek word translated as "now" means "now," "at the present moment," "presently," and "as it is."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, without a noun, it has the sense of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
prince - "Prince" is from the Greek word that means "ruler," and "magistrate." This is the word used in the phrase "the prince of the world" (John 12:31), who Christ castes down.
of -- This word "of" comes from the genitive case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is the "of" of possession. This modifies "prince."
this -- "This" is a demonstrative pronoun that means "this," "here," "the nearer," and "the familiar." It often stands apart from its noun, acting like a pronoun, "this one here" or "this here." When it follows the noun it emphasizes it, "this one."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
world: -- Jesus uses the word translated as "world" to mean "the world order," and "civilization," specifically its "rulers," or its organization. Today, we use the word "society" or "regime" in this sense. More about this word in this article about related words.
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
driven -- (WW) "Driven" is a verb that means "throw out." Depending on the context, it can mean "toss out," "turn out," or "take out." It is usually translated as "cast out" in the NT. This is not the simple word that means "tossed" but the one that means "tossed out."
out. - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix.
missing "outside" -- (MW) The untranslated word "outside" means "out of a place" and "outside." This is not a more extreme version of the prefix of the verb, which means simply "out." This has more of the sense of
νῦν [31 verses](adv) "Now" is nyn (nun), which means "now," "at the present moment," "at the present time," "just now," "presently," and "as it is."
κρίσις [26 verses]((noun sg fem nom) "Judgment" is krisis, which means "separating," "distinguishing," "judgment," "choice," "election," "trial," "dispute," "event," and "issue."
ἐστὶν [614 verses](3rd sg pres ind act) "Is" is eimi, which means "to be," "to exist," "to be the case," of circumstance and events "to happen," and "is possible." With the genitive object, the sense is "belongs to."
τοῦ [821 verses](article sg masc gen) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the").
κόσμου [63 verses](noun sg masc gen) "World" is kosmos, which mean "order," "good order," "ruler," "civilization," "world order," "universe," and "the world of men." It is a form of the is verb kosmeô, which means "to order," "to arrange," "to rule," "to adorn" (especially women), and "to equip." It especially means controlling and arranging an army.
τούτου, [51 verses](adj sg masc gen) "This" is toutos, which is a demonstrative pronoun that means "this," "here," "the nearer," and "the familiar."
νῦν [31 verses](adv) "Now" is nyn (nun), which means "now," "at the present moment," "at the present time," "just now," "presently," and "as it is." -- The Greek word translated as "now" means "now," "at the present moment,""presently," and "as it is."
ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the").
ἄρχων [5 verses](noun pl masc nom) "The princes" is archon, which means "ruler," "commander," "official," and "magistrate."
τοῦ [821 verses](article sg masc gen) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the").
κόσμου [63 verses](noun sg masc gen) "World" is kosmos, which mean "order," "good order," "ruler," "civilization," "world order," "universe," and "the world of men." It is a form of the is verb kosmeô, which means "to order," "to arrange," "to rule," "to adorn" (especially women), and "to equip." It especially means controlling and arranging an army.
τούτου, [51 verses](adj sg masc gen) "This" is toutos, which is a demonstrative pronoun that means "this," "here," "the nearer," and "the familiar."
ἐκβληθήσεται [33 verses](3rd sg fut ind pass) "Shall...be caste" is ekballo and means "throw out," "cast out of a place,"and "expose." Ek means "out of," "from," and "away from." Ballo is "to throw" or "to scatter."
ἔξω [21 verses](adv) "Out" is exo, which means "out of a place," "outside," "external things," and "beyond a time."