Jesus leads apostles to Jerusalem.
Luke 18:33 And they shall scourge him, and put him to death: and the third day he shall rise again.
Luke 18:33 they will flog him and kill him. On the third day he will rise again.”
And whippings are going to destroy him and during the day, the third, he is going to wake himself up.
The verb "rise" is in the Greek middle voice rather than the passive voice. This means that Jesus raised himself from the dead. Other Gospels, including elsewhere in Luke, used the passive verb, having Jesus being raised from the dead by someone else, presumably the Father. Mark also uses the middle voice, indicating that Jesus may have used both verb forms at different times.
No one but Jesus could raise themselves.
And they shall scourge(WF) him, and(IW) put him to death: and the (MW) third day he shall rise(WV) again(IW).
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "scourging."
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "and" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "third" is not shown in the English translation.
- WV -- Wrong Voice --This verb is a middle voice, which requires a "by/for himself" or a "himself" as an object.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "again" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" at the beginning of the sentence is not shown in the English translation.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "scourging."
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "and" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" after "him" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "third" is not shown in the English translation.
- WV -- Wrong Voice --This verb is a middle voice, which requires a "by/for himself" or a "himself" as an object.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "again" doesn't exist in the source.
And - The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
they -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates the verb "put to death" is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
scourge -- (WF) The Greek word translated as "they shall scourge" is the verb that means "to whip" but the form is an adjective that modifies the plural subject, "whippings". The sense is either that the whipping will kill him or that those doing the whipping will. The tense is not the future, but the story tense of something happening at some point in time. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "scourging."
him -- There is no Greek pronoun here, but Greek does not need pronouns when the object can be assumed from the context. In English, they are added for the subject-verb-object form of our sentences.
and -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. There is no "and" in the Greek because the previous verb was not active but an adjective.
put -- "Put...to death: " is translated from a Greek word that means "slaughter" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, "killing" in a more thorough way. When we talk about "slaughtering" someone, we use it to mean destroying their reputation, the strength of their spirit and ideas as well as physically killing them. This is more the sense here. The word "destroy" also works, but a similar word from a different root meaning "kill" works better as "destroy,"
him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective.
to death: - This completes the meaning of the verb. and the third day he shall rise again.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
the -- The word translated as "the" before "day" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
third --The "third" means both the third in an order and the fraction one third. This appears with its own article after the "day", so it acts as a noun, "the third".
day -- The Greek word translated as "day" also means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime." It has its own article as well and the form means "during" when using with a time word so "during the day, the third".
he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates the verb "rise" is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
rise --"Rise " is a Greek verb that means "to make to stand up", "to wake up", "to raise from the dead", "to rouse to action," and "to make people rise up." The tense is the future and the voice is someone acting on themselves, "going to wake himself up".
missing "himself" -- (MV) The middle voice of the verb indicates that the subject does something to, for, or by themselves.
again -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
missing "and" -- (MW) The untranslated word "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
they -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
will -- This helping verb "will " indicates the verb "put to death" is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
flog -- (WF) The Greek word translated as "flog" is the verb that means "to whip" but the form is an adjective that modifies the plural subject, "whipping". The sense is either that the whipping will kill him or that those doing the whipping will. The tense is not the future, but the story tense of something happening at some point in time. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "scourging."
him -- There is no Greek pronoun here, but Greek does not need pronouns when the object can be assumed from the context. In English, they are added for the subject-verb-object form of our sentences.
and -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. There is no "and" in the Greek because the previous verb was not active but an adjective.
kill -- "Kill" is translated from a Greek word that means "slaughter" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, "killing" in a more thorough way. When we talk about "slaughtering" someone, we use it to mean destroying their reputation, the strength of their spirit and ideas as well as physically killing them. This is more the sense here. The word "destroy" also works, but a similar word from a different root meaning "kill" works better as "destroy,"
him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective.
missing "and" -- (MW) The untranslated word "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
On -- This word "to" comes from the indirect object form of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is a "to" for the English indirect object. However, the translator can choose other prepositions: "with," "in," "of," "as," "by," "for," "at," or "on" depending on the context.
the -- The word translated as "the" before "day" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
third --The "third" means both the third in an order and the fraction one third. This appears with its own article after the "day", so it acts as a noun, "the third".
day -- The Greek word translated as "day" also means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime." It has its own article as well and the form means "during" when using with a time word so "during the day, the third".
he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.
will -- This helping verb "willl" indicates the verb "rise" is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
rise --,"Rise " is a Greek verb that means "to make to stand up", "to wake up", "to raise from the dead", "to rouse to action," and "to make people rise up." The tense is the future and the voice is someone acting on themselves, "going to wake himself up".
missing "himself" -- (MV) The middle voice of the verb indicates that the subject does something to, for, or by themselves.
again -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
καὶ (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
μαστιγώσαντες [5 verses] ( part pl aor act masc nom ) "Scourge" is mastigoo, which means "to whip," "to flog," and, in the passive, "to be whipped."
ἀποκτενοῦσιν [31 verses]( verb 3rd pl fut ind act ) "Put...to death" is apokteino, which means "to kill," and "to slay." It combines the word for "to slay" (-kteino) with the proposition, apo, indicating separation, meaning "from" or "away from." but it is a stronger form than the normal verb -kteino. It is more like our "slaughter." It is in the form of a present participle, "slaughtering" acting as a noun ("those destroying").
αὐτόν, (adj sg masc acc) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself", "yourself", "himself", "herself", "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him", "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
καὶ (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
τῇ [821 verses](article sg fem dat) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
ἡμέρᾳ ( noun sg fem dat ) "Day" is hemera, which, as a noun, means "day" "a state or time of life", "a time (poetic)", "day break" and "day time." It is also and also has a second meaning, of "quiet", "tame (animals)", "cultivated (crops)," and "civilized (people)."
τῇ [821 verses](article sg fem dat) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." --
τρίτῃ ( adj sg fem dat ) "Third" is from tritos. which is the Greek word for "third" meanig both the third in an order and the fraction one third.
ἀναστήσεται. (verb 3rd sg fut ind mid causal) "He shall rise" is from anistemi, which means "to make stand up", "to raise up", "to raise from sleep", "to wake up", "to raise from the dead", "to rouse to action", "to put up for sale", "to make people rise", "to emigrate", "to transplant," and "to rise and leave the sanctuary." --
This verse describes the resurrection differently than other similar verses (Luke 9: 22, Matthew 17:23, Matthew 20:19) because it describes Christ as waking himself, using the same word as Mark 10:34.