Last Supper after bequeathing a realm to the Apostles.
Luke 22:34 I tell thee, Peter, the cock shall not crow this day, before that thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest me.
Luke 22:34 I tell you, Peter, before the rooster crows today, you will deny three times that you know me.”
I tell you, Peter, a cock will not cry this day until you will deny to know me yourself three times.
The Greek word order and word forms in the last clause are very different, but there are not real surprised here. The only uncommon word here is "rooster."
The "know" here is the past perfect tense of the verb, "see." In Greek, "to have seen" means "to know."
Peter is once, twice, three times in denial.
I tell thee, Peter, the(IW) cock shall not crow this day, before(CW) that(IW) thou shalt thrice deny (MW) that(IW) thou knowest me.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" doesn't exist in the source.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "before."
- WV -- Wrong Voice -- This verb is a middle voice, which requires a "by/for yourself" or a "yourself" as an object.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "that" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "that" doesn't exist in the source.
I tell you, Peter, before(CW) the(IW) rooster (MW) (MW) crows(WT) today, you will(WT) deny (MW) three times that you know me.”
- . IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" doesn't exist in the source.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "before."
- WT -- Wrong Tense -- This verb is the future tense, which requires a "will" before the verb.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "not" after "rooster" is not shown in the English translation.
- WV -- Wrong Voice -- This verb is a middle voice, which requires a "by/for yourself" or a "yourself" as an object.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "that" doesn't exist in the source.
I -- This is from the first-person, singular form of the verb.
tell -- The word translated as "I tell" is the most common word that means "to say," and "to speak," but it also means "to teach."
thee -- The word for "thee" is the indirect object form of the pronoun.
Peter -- Peter, "Peter" is from the Greek word for "stone" in the form of address, which is the equivalent of the name "Rocky" in English.
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source
cock-- The word for "the cock" means a "rooster" and also a "husband." However, it doesn't have an article, so "a cock".
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
not -- The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea.
crow -- The word translated as "shall,,,crow" simply means "to utter cries." It doesn't mean "crow" specifically like our word does.
this day, -- The Greek word translated as "this day" is an adverb that means "for today" and "on this day."
before (CW)The word translated as "before" means "until" but it also means "in order that." This is not the word usually translated as "before."
that -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
thou-- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
shalt -- This helping verb "shall" indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
thrice -- "Thrice" is from the Greek adverb that means "three times" and "thrice."
deny -- The word translated as "thou shalt...deny" means "deny" and "reject." It is in a form that means the subject does this for himself.
missing "yourself"-- (WV) A phrase is necessary because the form of the previous verb is a middle voice, which means that the subject is to act on "yourself," "for yourself" or "by yourself."
that -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
thou-- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
knowest -- The verb translated as "knoweth" means "to see" but it is used like we use the word "see" to mean "to know" or "to perceive." The form is not active or present tense. Rather it is an infinitive, "to know" and it is in the perfect past tense, "to having seen".
me -- "Me" is from the regular first-person pronoun in Greek in the form of an object.
I -- This is from the first-person, singular form of the verb.
tell -- The word translated as "I tell" is the most common word that means "to say," and "to speak," but it also means "to teach."
you -- The word for "you" is the indirect object form of the pronoun.
Peter -- Peter, "Peter" is from the Greek word for "stone" in the form of address, which is the equivalent of the name "Rocky" in English.
before (CW)The word translated as "before" means "until" but it also means "in order that." This is not the word usually translated as "before."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source
rooster -- The word for "the rooster " means a "rooster" and also a "husband." However, it doesn't have an article, so "a cock".
missing "will" -- (WT) The helping verb, "will," is needed to show the future tense of the verb.
missing "not " -- (MW) The untranslated word "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea.
crows -- The word translated as "shall,,,crow" simply means "to utter cries." It doesn't mean "crow" specifically like our word does.
today -- The Greek word translated as "today" is an adverb that means "for today" and "on this day."
you -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
will -- This helping verb "will " indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
deny -- The word translated as "thou shalt...deny" means "deny" and "reject." It is in a form that means the subject does this for himself
three times -- "Thrice" is from the Greek adverb that means "three times" and "thrice."
that -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
you -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
know -- The verb translated as "know" means "to see" but it is used like we use the word "see" to mean "to know" or "to perceive." The form is not active or present tense. Rather it is an infinitive, "to know" and it is in the perfect past tense, "to having seen".
me -- "Me" is from the regular first-person pronoun in Greek in the form of an object.
Λέγω ( verb 1st sg pres ind act ) "I tell" is lego, which means "to recount", "to tell over", "to say", "to speak", "to teach", "to mean", "boast of", "tell of", "recite," nominate," and "command." It has a secondary meaning "pick out," "choose for oneself", "pick up", "gather", "count," and "recount." A less common word that is spelled the same means "to lay", "to lay asleep" and "to lull asleep." --
σοι, (pron 2nd sg dat) "Thee" is soi which is the singular, second person pronoun, "you". --
Πέτρε,( noun sg masc voc) Peter" is from Petros which is the equivalent of the name "Rocky" in English. "Rock" is from petra, which means "rock", "boulder," and "stone" as a building material. It also has the specific meaning of "rocky cliffs" of "ledges" over the sea and a "rocky peak" or "ridge." --
οὐ (partic) "Not" is ou which is the negative adverb for facts and statements, negating both single words and sentences. The other negative adverb, μή applies to will and thought; οὐ denies, μή rejects; οὐ is absolute, μή relative; οὐ objective, μή subjective. --
φωνήσει ( verb 3rd sg fut ind act ) "Shall...crow" is phoneo which means "to produce a sound or tone", "to speak loudly or clearly" (of men), "uttering cries" (of animals), "affirm" (in court), "call by name", "command," and "speak of."
σήμερον (adv) "This day" is semeron, which is an adverb that means "for today" and "on this day." --
ἀλέκτωρ [4 verses](noun sg masc acc) "Cock" is from alektor which means "rooster", "cock", "husband," and "consort." It is also a metaphor for a trumpeter. ==
ἕως (conj) "Before" is heos which means "until", "till," and "in order that" and "up to the point that." --
τρίς (adv) "Thrice" is from tris, which means "three times" and "thrice."
με (pron 1st sg masc acc) "Me" is from eme, which means "I", "me", and "my". --
ἀπαρνήσῃ (verb 2nd sg fut ind mp) "Thou shalt deny" is from aparneomai, which means "to deny utterly", "to refuse", "to reject," and "to deny."
εἰδέναι. ( verb perf inf act ) "Thou knowest" is eido which means "to see", "to examine", "to perceive", "to behold", "to know how to do", "to see with the mind's eye," and "to know." --
This version uses much of the same basic vocabulary as Matthew 26:34 , but that verse is much simpler in structure, not having the last part about "knowing me" in it.