Thus  -- The first word translated as "thus" introduces a statement of fact or cause.  It is translated various ways in the KJV, but it can be consistently translated as "because" and  Jesus used it to answer "why" questions.  However, it could also mean "that" which would make the clause "he said to them that". This would make the rest of this verse and the following verses paraphrases rather than direct quotes. The next verse has a third person pronoun, which might indicate that this was a paraphrase.  This word isn't usually translated in the KJV as "thus" but "that".

it -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the following verb.

is -- (WT) This helping verb "is" indicates that the following verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English. However, the tense here is the past perfect, so "has been." This verb is in the past, perfect tense so "has" is correct.  

written -- "Written" is a verb that means "to mark," "to express by written characters," and "to write down [a law]."  The verb is passive, completed in the past, "it has been written."

and --  (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. There is no "and" here in the Greek. It actually appears later in the sentence, after words translated as "Christ to suffer" not before. There is only that single "and" in the Greek. -

thus The word translated in KJV as "thus" is in its adverbial form, so it means "in this manner" or "in this way." This is a different word than the first "thus" and it appears right after that word. This word is often translated as "thus" in the KJV.

, it -- -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.

behoved  -- -- (OS) There is nothing in the Greek that can be translated as this in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used. There is no Greek words meaning "it behoved" in the Greek in the source we now use.  This word was added in the Vulgate, from which the KJV Greek was created.  

missing "the/this"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more. 

Christ -- (UW) The word translated as "Christ" means "anointed." Our word is basically the English form of the Greek word, not a translation. In the NT, it is understood to mean the Messiah, Hebrew for "savior,"  following the anointing of the kings of Israel. The Jews of Jesus's era thought they understood who the Messiah was and the source of his authority. He was a descendant of David, and his authority came from David as "the anointed" king of the Jews. The Hebrew word for "anointed" is mashiach (מָשִׁיחַ), which is the source of our word, "messiah." 

to -- This "to" is added to create the infinitive form of the following verb.

suffer -- The verb "to suffer" primarily means "to have done to one",  "to have happen to", "to be treated so" or "to pay a penalty." It is in the form of an infinitive, so "to have done to one". It takes an object, which is wny "the Anointed" is in the form of an object. This verb proceeds that word. Though not in the passive form (infinitive do not have "voice") First, the nature of this verb is passive.

and  -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

to -- This "to" is added to create the infinitive form of the following verb.

rise -- "To rise " is a Greek verb that means "to make to stand up", "to raise from the dead", "to rouse to action," and "to make people rise up." The form is again an infinitive. And thise verb too takes an object, "to make to rise up".

from  -- The Greek preposition translated as "from" means "out of" or "from." In Greek, they use the genitive case instead of a preposition for the types of phrases with usually use with "of."

the -- There is no Greek article "those" here in the source, but the noun is plural and in English, a definite article "the/this/that/theses/those" is used before plural nouns in phrases like this.

dead --   The word translated as "the dead" means "corpse", "a dying man," and "inanimate, non-organic matter." Christ uses it in all three senses, referring to the actual dead, the spiritually dead, and inanimate matter.  There is no article, "the" but it is plural so technically it means "corpses" but we describe "corpses" as "the dead" in English.

the  -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

third -- The "the third" means both the third in an order and the fraction one third.  It is proceeded by the article "the". It and the following word "day" are in a form that usually requires a preposition to describe in English. With time, the right preposition is usually "during" so "during the third."

dayThe Greek word translated as "day" also means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime."