The sending of the Apostles.
Luke 9:5 And whosoever will not receive you, when ye go out of that city, shake off the very dust from your feet for a testimony against them.
Luke 9:5 If people do not welcome you, leave their town and shake the dust off your feet as a testimony against them.”
And whenever many do not welcome you, departing out from that community there, knock off the dirt from those feet of yours for a testimony against them.
The "whosoever" and "people" is a word combination that means "whenever many." It is a combination that means "as many as" with a particle that means "when." Mistranslating this missing the whole point of the rejection by many people.
The word translated as "dust" means a cloud of dust or dirt. It is also a metaphor for a dirty person. It is a rare word for Jesus. This tends to indicate he used it for the double meaning.
We need for forget the dirty people who don't welcome the message.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "whosoever" should be something more like "whenever many."
- WT - Wrong Tense - The verb "will" indicates the future tense, but that is not the tense here.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "receive."
- IW - Inserted Word -- The "when" doesn't exist in the source.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, ending with "-ing. "
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "of" does not capture the word's specific meaning.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "that" is not the common word usually translated as "here" or "there."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "city" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "very" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "feet" is not shown in the English translation.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "if" should be something more like "and."
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "people" should be something more like "whenever many."
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, ending with "-ing. "
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "from" is not shown in the English translation.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "their" should be something more like "there."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "city" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "and " doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "very" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "feet" is not shown in the English translation.
And -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
whosoever -- (WW) -- "Whoever" is from a special construction connecting a pronoun with a conditional particle that means "however many," "whenever many," "however far," or "whenever great." Together, they begin a relative, conditional clause that refers to a possibility. The verb form is one of possibility, which is assumed in English.
will -- (WT) This helping verb "will" indicates the future tense, but the verb is not the future.
not -- The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, verbs of possibility, and requests. It applies to will, feeling, and thought. Used with verbs in the mood of possibility to express a prohibition.
receive -- (CW) "Receive" is a word, which, when applied to people as it does here, means "to welcome," "to grant access," or "to receive with hospitality. This is not the word usually translated as "receive."
you, -- The "you" here is the second-person, plural pronoun in the form of an object of the action or preposition.
when -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. It was added because the next verb was translated as active rather than as a participle.
ye -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.
go -- (WF) The word translated as "go out" means literally "to go or come out," but it has a secondary meaning of "making something come true." In some verses, its sense is "started out" from the primary meaning of its root. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, ending with "-ing. "
out- This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix.
of -- (CW) The word translated as "of" means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from." It is not the word form usually translated as "of." Referring to time, it means "from," and "after."
that (CW) The word translated as "that" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there." So it means "there," "here," or "then." Used a pronoun, the sense is "that one there" or "this one here." Used in the form of an adverb, it means "in that case," "in that way," "at that place," and "in that manner." CW --Confusing Word -- The "he" is not the common word usually translated as "here" or "there."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
city, -- The Greek word for "city" meant not only a city but a nation, culture, or a society. It worked something like the word "community" today.
shake off - The word translated as "shake off" is a unique word for Christ to use. It is different than the common word used in the Matthew and Mark versions, which means "to shake out" while cleaning. This word means to "jostle from" as we would use "knock off" in English. Its is in the form of a command. The word comes after "dust" and "from your feet" making it work like a punchline.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
very -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
dust -- The word translated as "dust" means a cloud of dust or dirt. It is also a metaphor for a dirty fellow.
from --- The word translated as "from" means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from." It is not the word form usually translated as "of." Referring to time, it means "from," and "after."
your -- The word translated as "your" is a plural, second-person pronoun in the genitive case. This pronoun follows the noun so the possessive "of yours."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
feet -- The word translated as "feet" refers to human feet, birds's talons, and trampling things.
for -- The word translated as "for" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in" (a position), "as much as (of measure or limit)," "in regards to" a subject, "up to" limits in measures, "until" in reference to time, "within" a time limit, and "for" a purpose or object.
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
testimony -- "Testimony" is the Greek word "testimony" or "proof." From the word martys, source of our word 'martyr', which means "witness."
against -- The word translated as "unto" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
them. -- The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English in the form of a plural object of a verb or preposition. As the object of a preposition, an accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement.
If -- (WW) The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
people -- (WW) "People" is from a special construction connecting a pronoun with a conditional particle that means "however many," "whenever many," "however far," or "whenever great." Together, they begin a relative, conditional clause that refers to a possibility. The verb form is one of possibility, which is assumed in English.
do -- This English helping verb is used to create questions, commands, negative statements, and smooth word flow in translation from Greek
not -- The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, verbs of possibility, and requests. It applies to will, feeling, and thought. Used with verbs in the mood of possibility to express a prohibition.
welcome -- "Welcome " is a word, which, when applied to people as it does here, means "to welcome," "to grant access," or "to receive with hospitality.
you, -- The "you" here is the second-person, plural pronoun in the form of an object of the action or preposition.
leave -- (WF) The word translated as "leave" means literally "to go or come out," but it has a secondary meaning of "making something come true." In some verses, its sense is "started out" from the primary meaning of its root. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, ending with "-ing. "
missing "from" -- (MW) The untranslated word "from" means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from." It is not the word form usually translated as "of." Referring to time, it means "from," and "after."
their (WW) The word translated as "that" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there." So it means "there," "here," or "then." Used a pronoun, the sense is "that one there" or "this one here." Used in the form of an adverb, it means "in that case," "in that way," "at that place," and "in that manner."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
town , -- The Greek word for "city" meant not only a city but a nation, culture, or a society. It worked something like the word "community" today.
and -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
shake - The word translated as "shake off" is a unique word for Christ to use. It is different than the common word used in the Matthew and Mark versions, which means "to shake out" while cleaning. This word means to "jostle from" as we would use "knock off" in English. Its is in the form of a command. The word comes after "dust" and "from your feet" making it work like a punchline.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
dust -- The word translated as "dust" means a cloud of dust or dirt. It is also a metaphor for a dirty fellow.
off --- The word translated as "off " means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from." It is not the word form usually translated as "of." Referring to time, it means "from," and "after."
your -- The word translated as "your" is a plural, second-person pronoun in the genitive case. This pronoun follows the noun so the possessive "of yours."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
feet -- The word translated as "feet" refers to human feet, birds's talons, and trampling things.
for -- The word translated as "for" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in" (a position), "as much as (of measure or limit)," "in regards to" a subject, "up to" limits in measures, "until" in reference to time, "within" a time limit, and "for" a purpose or object.
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
testimony -- "Testimony" is the Greek word "testimony" or "proof." From the word martys, source of our word 'martyr', which means "witness."
against -- The word translated as "unto" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
them. -- The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English in the form of a plural object of a verb or preposition. As the object of a preposition, an accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
ὅσοι ἂν [at least 1 verse](pron pl masc nom)(partic) This hosos an (ean) is a special construction that means "however many," "whenever many," "however far," or "whenever great." It begins with the pronoun ( hosos) means "as many," "how many," "how much," "as much as," "as great as,"how great." And ends with the particle of possibility (an or ean, ). Together, they begin a relative, conditional clause that refers to a possible quantity. If takes a subjective verb like an "if/when" phrase.
μὴ [447 verses](conj) "Not" is me , which is the negative used in prohibitions and expressions of doubt meaning "not" and "no." The negative, μή, rejects, is relative, and subjective. It is used with verbs of subjective action: thinking, feeling, seeing, etc. It is used in imperative and subjunctive clauses because both express opinions. With pres. or aor. subjunctive, it is used in a warning or statement of fear, "take care." The combination of ἵνα μή means "lest." The combination of ὅτι μή, means "except." Used before tis with an imperative to express a will or wish for something in independent sentences and, with subjunctives, to express prohibitions. It is used with infinitives that express a purpose. When used with verbs of physical action, its sense is that "not wanting" or "thinking" something, not that it isn't done or thought. With these verbs, the sense is rejecting the action, rather than simply not doing it. With the verb "to be," the sense is "doesn't seem." When a negative precedes the verb, it affects the whole clause. When it precedes other words, its force is limited to those words. Used with an imperative to express a will or wish. Used in negative conditional "when/if/whoever" clauses. With "have," the sense is "lacks" or "wants."
δέχωνται [18 verses](verb 3rd pl pres subj mp) "Will...receive" is dechomai, which means "welcome," "accept," and "entertain" when applied to people and "take," "accept," and "receive" when applied to things.
ὑμᾶς, (pron 2nd pl acc) "You" is from humas which ὑμᾶς [210 verses](pron 2nd pl acc) "You" is humas which is the plural objective form of the second-person pronoun, "you."
ἐξερχόμενοι [54 verses](part pl pres mp masc nom) "When ye go out" is exerchomai, which means "to come or go out of " "to march forth," "go out on," "to stand forth," "to exceed all bounds," "to come to an end," "to go out of office," and [of dreams or prophecies] "to come true."
ἀπὸ [190 verses](prep) "Of" is apo, a preposition of separation which means "from" or "away from" from when referring to place or motion, "from" or "after" when referring to time, "from" as an origin or cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done. Referring to time, it means "from," and "after." Usually takes the genitive object. -
τῆς [821 verses](article sg fem gen) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." Proper nouns do normally not take articles but they are needed when the noun ending cannot be changed to show the noun's role in the sentence as an object, indirect object, or genitive (possessive) form. However, the Greek article is very close to "this" so the purpose of an article like this can also be demonstrative. See this article. -
πόλεως [26 verses](noun sg fem gen) "City"is polis, which means "city," "citadel," "one's city," "one's country," "community," "state," "state affairs," and "civic duties."
ἐκείνης [107 verses] (adj sg fem gen) "That" is ekeinos, which means "the person there," "that person," "that thing," and, in the form of an adverb, "in that case," "in that way," "at that place," and "in that manner." With certain preposition, it has a specific meaning:ἐξ ἐκείνου from that time, κατ᾽ ἐκεῖνα in that place, there, μετ᾽ ἐκεῖνα afterwards.
τὸν [821 verses](article sg masc acc) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." Proper nouns do normally not take articles but they are needed when the noun ending cannot be changed to show the noun's role in the sentence as an object, indirect object, or genitive (possessive) form. However, the Greek article is very close to "this" so the purpose of an article like this can also be demonstrative.There is no vocative definite article, (despite being shown in Perseus). When the vocative is meant, no article is used or they used ω or ε. See this article.
κονιορτὸν [3 verses](noun sg masc acc) "The dust" is from koniortos, which means "dust raised or stirred up", "cloud of dust," and more generally,"dirt," or "sweepings," and, as a metaphor, "dirty fellow."
ἀπὸ [190 verses](prep) "From" is apo, a preposition of separation which means "from" or "away from" from when referring to place or motion, "from" or "after" when referring to time, "from" as an origin or cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done. Referring to time, it means "from," and "after." Usually takes the genitive object.
τῶν [821 verses](article pl masc gen) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." Proper nouns do normally not take articles but they are needed when the noun ending cannot be changed to show the noun's role in the sentence as an object, indirect object, or genitive (possessive) form. However, the Greek article is very close to "this" so the purpose of an article like this can also be demonstrative. See this article. -
ποδῶν [19 verses](noun pl masc gen) "Feet" is pous, which means a "foot," "a talon [of a bird]," and the concept of "to trample" or "to tred upon." -- The word translated as "feet" refers to human feet, birds's talons, and trampling things.
ὑμῶν [168 verses](pron 2nd pl gen) "Your/you" is humon, the plural possessive form of su the pronoun of the second person, "you." It is either a possessive pronoun or the object of a preposition.
ἀποτινάσσετε [1 verse](verb 2nd pl pres imperat act) "Shake off" is from apotinasso, which means "shake off," and "get rid of".
εἰς [325 verses](prep) "For" is eis, which means "into (of place)," "up to (of time)," "until (of time)," "in" (a position), "as much as (of measure or limit)," "as far as (of measure or limit)," "towards (to express relation)," "in regard to (to express relation)," "of an end or limit," and "for (of purpose or object)."
μαρτύριον [8 verses](noun sg neut acc) "Testimony" is martyrion, which means "testimony," and proof."
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "On" is from epi which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "for," "across," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of."
αὐτοὺς [62 verses](pron pl masc acc) "Them" is autous, in the form of the plural, masculine pronoun "them" in the form of a direct object. An accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Events may show the amount of time.
The word translated as "dust" also means a dirty fellow.
The "shake off" is a funny word appearing as a punch line.