Jesus takes the apostles to Jerusalem and predicts the future.
Mark 10:34 And they shall mock him, and shall scourge him, and shall spit upon him, and shall kill him: and the third day he shall rise again.
Mark 10:34 who will mock him and spit on him, flog him and kill him. Three days later he will rise.”
And they will jeer at him and will spit on him and will scourge him and will destroy [him] and within three days he will wake himself up.
There are a couple of interesting aspects to this verse that distinguish it from similar verses.
First, the first few verbs, "mock," "spit upon," and "scourge," are ambiguous in terms of tense and possibility. They could be a prediction of the future (the future tense) or a possible future (the subjunctive mood). It isn't until the "kill" verb that the future is being discussed for certain. This acts as a surprise that clarifies what has gone before. However, the verb for the resurrection return again to an ambiguous form. Jesus could have avoided this ambiguity by using another verb to describe the resurrection as he does in Matthew 20:19.
Next, the prediction about three days is different here than version in Matthew and Luke. They say that the resurrection happens on "the third day." The KjV translates this verse the same, but Mark's Greek uses a preposition that is untranslated in the KJV and says "after three days," which is easier to understand.
Finally, the "he shal/will rise" is in a middle voice, which means this is something that he does to himself. In other places, the Gospels have this idea in the passive, something that is done to Jesus. The word means "to make rise" but also "to wake." The "wake" works with with Jesus's references to death as "sleep" and the resurrection of the dead as awakening.
Death is a nightmare from which we must wake up.
καὶ ἐμπαίξουσιν αὐτῷ καὶ ἐμπτύσουσιν αὐτῷ καὶ μαστιγώσουσιν αὐτὸν
And they will jeer at him and will spit on him and will scourge him
καὶ ἀποκτενοῦσιν, καὶ μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστήσεται.
and will destroy [him] and after three days he will wake himself up.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "after" did not exist in the KJV Greek source but it does in the source we use today.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "the" existed in the KJV Greek source but not the source we use today.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "third" existed in the KJV Greek source but it is "three" the source we use today.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The "days" is plural in the Greek in the source we use today but it was singular in the source that the KJV translators used.
- MW -- Missing Word -- This verb is a middle voice, which requires a "by/for himself" or a "himself" as an object.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "again" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "who."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "lateer" does not capture the word's specific meaning in this situation.
- MW -- Missing Word -- This verb is a middle voice, which requires a "by/for himself" or a "himself" as an object.
And -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
they-- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
mock -- "Mock" is an uncommon (for Jesus) verb that means "to mock" and "to sport in." Translating it as "jeer at" may work better when used with an indirect object,
him, -- The word "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as pronouns in English, but it is not in the form of an object. It is in a form that is most commonly an indirect object, "to him." With "jeer", an "at" would work better.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
shall -- This seems to indicate a future tense verb, but the KJV version also uses it to indicate something possible, a "might." In this case, the form of the verbs could be either.
scourge -- "Scourge" is an uncommon verb for Jesus that means "to whip" and "to flog."
him, -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. It is a direct object.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
spit -- "Spit upon" is another uncommon verb for Jesus that means "spit into" and "spit onto." In the Greek, this verb comes before, not after, the "scourge" verb.
upon -- This word "upon" comes from the dative case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is a "to" for the English indirect object. However, the translator can choose other prepositions: "with," "in," "of," "as," "by," "for," "at," or "on" depending on the context.
him, -- The word "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as pronouns in English, but it is not in the form of an object. It is in a form that is most commonly an indirect object, "to him."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
shall -- This is the first verb where the form is clearly the future tense, making this a true prophecy.
kill -- "Kill" is translated from a Greek word that means "destroy" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, destroy in a more thorough way.
him: -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
missing "after" -- (OS) There is a preposition in the Greek that can be translated as "after" in the source we use today but it did not exist in the source that the KJV translators used. The word means "after" "after" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of". It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit.
the -- (OS) There is nothing in the Greek that can be translated as "the" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used.
third -- -- (OS) The word "three" is in the Greek in the source we use today but it was "third" in the source that the KJV translators used.
day - - (OS )The Greek word translated as "day" also means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime." The word is plural in the Greek in the source we use today but it was singular in the source that the KJV translators used.
he -- This is from the third-person singular form of the verb.
shall -- This seems to indicate a future tense verb, but the KJV version also uses it to indicate something possible, a "might." In this case, the form of the verbs could be either.
rise -- "Rise " is a Greek verb that means "to make to stand up", "to raise from the dead", "to rouse to action," and "to make people rise up." It is in the middle form so "raise himself.
missing "himself" -- (MW) The middle voice of the verb indicates that the subject does something to, for, or by himself.
again. -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "again" in the Greek source.
missing "And" -- (MW) The untranslated word "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
who -- (CW) This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb. This is not the word usually translated as "who."
will -- This helping verb "will " indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
mock -- "Mock" is an uncommon (for Jesus) verb that means "to mock" and "to sport in." Translating it as "jeer at" may work better when used with an indirect object,
him, -- The word "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as pronouns in English, but it is not in the form of an object. It is in a form that is most commonly an indirect object, "to him." With "jeer", an "at" would work better.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
spit -- "Spit upon" is another uncommon verb for Jesus that means "spit into" and "spit onto." In the Greek, this verb comes before, not after, the "scourge" verb.
on -- This word "upon" comes from the dative case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is a "to" for the English indirect object. However, the translator can choose other prepositions: "with," "in," "of," "as," "by," "for," "at," or "on" depending on the context.
him, -- The word "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as pronouns in English, but it is not in the form of an object. It is in a form that is most commonly an indirect object, "to him."
missing "and" -- (MW) The untranslated word "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
scourge -- "Scourge" is an uncommon verb for Jesus that means "to whip" and "to flog."
him, -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. It is a direct object.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
kill -- "Kill" is translated from a Greek word that means "destroy" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, destroy in a more thorough way.
him: -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
missing "and" -- (MW) The untranslated word "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
Three -- The word "three" is in the Greek in the source we use today but it was "third" in the source that the KJV translators used.
days - The Greek word translated as "days" also means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime." The word is plural.
later -- (CW) The word means "after" "after" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of". It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit. It is a preposition before the "three days."
he -- This is from the third-person singular form of the verb.
will -- This helping verb "will " indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
rise -- "Rise " is a Greek verb that means "to make to stand up", "to raise from the dead", "to rouse to action," and "to make people rise up." It is in the middle form so "raise himself.
missing "himself" -- (MW) The middle voice of the verb indicates that the subject does something to, for, or by himself.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just." -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is best translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as".
ἐμπαίξουσιν [4 verses](verb 3rd pl fut ind act ) "They shall mock" is from empaizo, which means "to mock" and "to sport in." In the passive, it means "to be deluded," and "to be defrauded" of the revenues,
αὐτῷ[106 verses] (adj sg masc dat) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself", "yourself", "himself", "herself", "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him", "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord."
καὶ 1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
ἐμπτύσουσιν [2 verses] ( verb 3rd pl fut-ind act ) "Shall spit upon" is emptyo, which means "spit into" and "spit onto."
αὐτῷ [106 verses](adj sg masc dat) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself", "yourself", "himself", "herself", "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him", "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there." -
καὶ 1089 verses] (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
μαστιγώσουσιν [5 verses] ( verb 3rd pl fut-ind/aor-subj act ) "Scourge" is from mastigoo, which means "to whip" and "to flog."
αὐτὸν [124 verses](adj sg masc acc) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself", "yourself", "himself", "herself", "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him", "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there." -
καὶ 1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
ἀποκτενοῦσιν, [31 verses] ( verb 3rd pl fut ind act ) "Put...to death" is apokteino, which means "to kill," and "to slay." It combines the word for "to slay" (kteino) with the proposition, apo, indicating separation, meaning "from" or "away from," but it is a stronger form than the normal verb kteino. It is more like our "destroy." It is in the form of a present participle, "destroying" acting as a noun ("those destroying").
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
μετὰ [103 verses](prep) " Untranslated is meta, which means "with," "in the midst of," "among," "between," "in common," "along with," "by the aid of," "in one's dealings with," "into the middle of," "coming into," "in pursuit of," "after," "behind," "according to," "after," "behind," and "next afterward." With genitive, it means generally, "with," "together with," "in the midst of," "among," "between." "in common," "along with," "by the aid of," and "in conjunction with." With dative, "between," "among," "in company with," with a number "complete," and "over and above." With accusative, generally, "among" and "between" as with dative, of motion, "into the middle of," "coming into or among," "in pursuit or quest of," of place, "after," "behind," of time, "after," "next to," of worth/rank, "next after," of ideas, "after," "according to."
τρεῖς [5 verses] ( numeral pl fem acc ) "Three" is from treis, which means the number three.
ἡμέρας [96 verses]( noun pl fem acc ) "Days" is hemera, which, as a noun, means "day" "a state or time of life", "a time (poetic)", "day break" and "day time." It is also and also has a second meaning, of "quiet", "tame (animals)", "cultivated (crops)," and "civilized (people)."
ἀναστήσεται. [7 verses](verb 3rd sg fut-ind mid) "He shall rise" is from anistemi, which means "to make stand up", "to raise up", "to raise from sleep", "to wake up", "to raise from the dead", "to rouse to action", "to put up for sale", "to make people rise", "to emigrate", "to transplant," and "to rise and leave the sanctuary."
tritos - this is added to allow searches for rising on the third day will find this record.