On Mount of Olives, Peter, James, John, and Andrew asked Jesus when these things will be.
Mark 13:24 But in those days, after that tribulation, the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light,
Mark 13:24 “But in those days, following that distress, “ ‘the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light;
Mark 13:24 “At that time, after the anguish of those days, the sun will be darkened, the moon will give no light,
Still in those days there, after that oppression, afterward "the sun shall be made to darkened, and the moon shall not give the light of hers."
The word that begins this verse is not the common "but," instead it is a conjunction that Jesus usually uses to introduce a positive statement after a negative one. Its use seems humorous here, setting up an expectation of a positive while the statement is negative.
An adjective meaning "there" or "here" is translated as a demonstrative article, which it isn't. Following the preposition translated as "after/following" it specifically means "afterward."
This Greek word translated as "light" is not the common Greek word for "light" but one that Jesus only uses twice. This word means "brightness." The use of this uncommon word was a conscious choice on the part of Jesus. This word seems to be a reference to the Greek of Joel 2:10 (the Greek version is here) another apocalyptic verse.
The phrase about the sun and the moon rephrases Isa 13:10 in the Greek Old Testament, the Septuagint (see the Greek version here: Isa 13:10), Isaiah, however, uses the common Greek word for light. In the OT, this Greek word is translated from the Hebrew nogahh. The word translated as "light" in Isa 13:10 above is a different word, 'owr. The connection is clearer in Matthew because Isa 13:8 was referred to in Matthew 24:9, just two verses before this verse's parallel in Matthew 24:29. Versions of this idea are expresses in Act 2:20, Rev 6:12, and Rev 8:12, but all of those version use don't use the rare vocabulary in this verse and its parallel.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "but" is not the common word usually translated as "but" and works differently.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "those" is not the common word usually translated as "those."
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "the" before "days" is not shown in English.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "that" is not the common word usually translated as "those."
- MW - Missing Word -- Another article "the" before "tribulation" is not shown in English.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "tribulation" does not capture the word's specific meaning in this situation.
- MW - Missing Word -- Another article "the" is not shown in the English.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "light" is better translated as "brightness" to conform with its use in the OT and so it isn't confused with the common word for "light."
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "but" is not the common word usually translated as "but" and works differently.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "those" is not the common word usually translated as "those."
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "the" before "days" is not shown in English.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "that" is not the common word usually translated as "those."
- MW - Missing Word -- Another article "the" before "distress" is not shown in English.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "distress" does not capture the word's specific meaning in this situation.
- MW - Missing Word -- Another article "the" before "light" is not shown in English.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "light" is better translated as "brightness" to conform with its use in the OT and so it isn't confused with the common word for "light."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "But" is not shown in the English.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "that" is not the common word usually translated as "that."
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "the" before "time" is not shown in the English.
- WN --Wrong Number- The word "time" is translated as singular but the Greek word is plural.
- MW - Missing Word -- Another word "afterwards" is not shown in English.
- MW - Missing Word -- Another article "the" before "distress" is not shown in English.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "anguish" does not capture the word's specific meaning in this situation.
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The phrase "of those days, " doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- Another word "there" is not shown in the English.
- WF - Wrong Form - The "of" does not indicate a possessive form of the following word.
- MW - Missing Word -- Another article "the" is not shown in the English.
- MW - Missing Word -- Another word "its" is not shown in the English.
- MW - Missing Word -- Another article "the" before "light" is not shown in English.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "light" is better translated as "brightness" to conform with its use in the OT and so it isn't confused with the common word for "light."
But -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "but" denotes an exception or simple opposition. It is used to emphasize the contrast between things like we use "instead," "but instead,"or "rather." It is not the common word usually translated as "but." It is the Greek word "other" like we use "otherwise." Jesus almost always uses this conjunction to connect a negative clause, "not this," with a positive one, "instead this."
in - The word translated as "in" also means "within", "with," or "among."
those -- (CW) The word translated as "those" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there." The sense is "that one there" or "this one here."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
days -- The Greek word translated as "days" means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime."
after -- "After" is the Greek word that usually means "with" or a related concept such as "among" or "by means of". It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit. With the form of the object here and about time, this word specifically means "after."
that-- (CW) The word translated as "that" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there." With the preposition here, it speficially means afterwards."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
tribulation -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "tribulation" means "pressure," which is translated as a metaphor for "oppression." Since it primarily means pressure in the sense of "crushing" (and "castration"), it is a more colorful word than the words we used to describe a time of difficulty. Prior to Jesus's use, it appears in Greek literature more as a scientific term than a social description. In Mark 13:19, the KJV translated it as "affliction."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
sun -- "Sun" is the noun, which means the "sun", "life", "day", "sunshine", "the sun's heat", "brightness," and the sun-god.
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the following verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
darkened, "Darkened" is from the verb form of the word for "darkness" that means "to make dark", and, in the passive, as it appears here "to be darkened," and "to be blinded."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is best translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as".
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
moon -- "Moon" is the noun that means "moon", "full moon", "month," and is the name of the goddess of the moon.
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
not -- The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea.
give The verb translated as "give" means "to give", "to grant", "to hand over", "appoint", "establish," and "to describe." It is almost always translated as some form of "give."
her -- The word translated as "her" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. This word follows the word light so "of hers."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
light, -- (WW) "Light" is from a noun that means "light," "splendor," and "luster," but it is not the root word usually translated as "light." It is a more complex worth with the sense of "brightness" and "shining." It is used as a metaphor for glory, pride, and joy. However, this is not the common Greek word translated as "light." This word is only used here and in the parallel in Mark, In the OT, where this word is used a little over a dozen times, it is translated usually as "brightness" and in Joel as "shining" where it is a reference to the Hebrew word nogahh.
But -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "but" denotes an exception or simple opposition. It is used to emphasize the contrast between things like we use "instead," "but instead,"or "rather." It is not the common word usually translated as "but." It is the Greek word "other" like we use "otherwise." Jesus almost always uses this conjunction to connect a negative clause, "not this," with a positive one, "instead this."
in - The word translated as "in" also means "within", "with," or "among." With the form of the object hear and of time, this word specifically means "after." "In" is not the specific meaning of the word in this situation.
those -- (CW) The word translated as "those" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
days -- The Greek word translated as "days" means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime."
following -- "Following" is the Greek word that usually means "with" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of". It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit. With the form of the object here and about time, this word specifically means "after."
that-- -- (CW) The word translated as "that" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there." With the preposition here, it specifically means afterwards."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
distress -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "distress" means "pressure," which is translated as a metaphor for "oppression." Since it primarily means pressure in the sense of "crushing" (and "castration"), it is a more colorful word than the words we used to describe a time of difficulty. Prior to Christ's use, it appears in Greek literature more as a scientific term than a social description.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
sun -- "Sun" is the noun, which means the "sun", "life", "day", "sunshine", "the sun's heat", "brightness," and the sun-god.
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the following verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
darkened, "Darkened" is from the verb form of the word for "darkness" that means "to make dark", and, in the passive, as it appears here "to be darkened," and "to be blinded."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is best translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as".
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
moon -- "Moon" is the noun that means "moon", "full moon", "month," and is the name of the goddess of the moon.
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
not -- The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea.
give The verb translated as "give" means "to give", "to grant", "to hand over", "appoint", "establish," and "to describe." It is almost always translated as some form of "give."
its -- The word translated as "its" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. This word follows the word light so "of hers."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
light, -- (WW) "Light" is from a noun that means "light," "splendor," and "luster," but it is not the root word usually translated as "light." It is a more complex worth with the sense of "brightness" and "shining." It is used as a metaphor for glory, pride, and joy. However, this is not the common Greek word translated as "light." This word is only used here and in the parallel in Mark, In the OT, where this word is used a little over a dozen times, it is translated usually as "brightness" and in Joel as "shining" where it is a reference to the Hebrew word nogahh.
missing "but"-- (MW) The untranslated word "but" denotes an exception or simple opposition. It is used to emphasize the contrast between things like we use "rather". It is the Greek word "other" like we use "otherwise".
At -- The word translated as "at" also means "within", "with," or "among." With the accusative, it means "into," "on," and "for."
that -- (CW) The word translated as "that" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
time -- (WN) -- The Greek word translated as "time" means "days," "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime." This word is not singular but plural.
after -- "After" is the Greek word that usually means "with" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of". It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit.With the form of the object here and about time, this word specifically means "after."
missing "afterwards" -- (MW) The untranslated word "afterwards" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there." With the preposition here, it speficially means afterwards."
the -- This is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
anguish -- The Greek word translated as "anguish" means "pressure," which is translated as a metaphor for "oppression." Since it primarily means pressure in the sense of "crushing" (and "castration"), it is a more colorful word than the words we used to describe a time of difficulty. Prior to Christ's use, it appears in Greek literature more as a scientific term than a social description.
of those days, -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as "of those days, " in the Greek source.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
sun -- "Sun" is the noun, which means the "sun", "life", "day", "sunshine", "the sun's heat", "brightness," and the sun-god.
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the following verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
darkened, "Darkened" is from the verb form of the word for "darkness" that means "to make dark", and, in the passive, as it appears here "to be darkened," and "to be blinded."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is best translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as".
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
moon -- "Moon" is the noun that means "moon", "full moon", "month," and is the name of the goddess of the moon.
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
give The verb translated as "give" means "to give", "to grant", "to hand over", "appoint", "establish," and "to describe." It is almost always translated as some form of "give."
missing "its" -- (MW) The untranslated word "its" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. This word follows the word light so "of hers."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
no -- The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea.
light, -- (WW) "Light" is from a noun that means "light," "splendor," and "luster," but it is not the root word usually translated as "light." It is a more complex worth with the sense of "brightness" and "shining." It is used as a metaphor for glory, pride, and joy. However, this is not the common Greek word translated as "light." This word is only used here and in the parallel in Mark, In the OT, where this word is used a little over a dozen times, it is translated usually as "brightness" and in Joel as "shining" where it is a reference to the Hebrew word nogahh.
Ἀλλὰ [154 verses](conj) "But" is alla, which means "instead," "otherwise," "but," "still," "at least," "except," "yet," nevertheless," "rather," "moreover," and "nay." Followed by οὐ, the sense is "still," and "at least." Followed by γὰρ. the sense is "but really" and "certainly."
ἐν [413 verses] (prep) "In" is en, which means "in", "on", "at", "by", "among", "within", "surrounded by", "in one's hands", "in one's power," and "with".With the accusative, it means "into," "on," and "for."
ἐκείναις [107 verses] (adj pl fem dat)"Those" is ekeinos which means "the person there", "that person", "that thing", "in that case", "in that way", "at that place," and "in that manner." With certain preposition, it has a specific meaning:ἐξ ἐκείνου from that time, κατ᾽ ἐκεῖνα in that place, there, μετ᾽ ἐκεῖνα afterwards,
ταῖς [821 verses] (article pl fem dat) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
ἡμέραις [96 verses] (noun pl fem dat) "Of... days" is from hemera, which, as a noun, means "day" "a state or time of life", "a time (poetic)", "day break" and "day time." It is also and also has a second meaning, of "quiet", "tame (animals)", "cultivated (crops)," and "civilized (people)." --
μετὰ [103 verses](prep) "After" is from meta, which means "with", "in the midst of", "among", "between", "in common", "along with", "by the aid of", "in one's dealings with", "into the middle of", "coming into", "in pursuit of", "after", "behind", "according to," and "next afterward." generally." With direct objects: of motion, "into the middle of," "coming into or among," esp. where a number of persons is implied, in pursuit or quest of, of persons, "to go after," "in quest of," of sequence or succession, of Place, "after," "behind," "on the far side of," of Time, "after," "next to," in order of Worth, Rank, etc., "next after," "following," "to be inferior to."
τὴν [821 verses] (article sg fem acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
θλίψιν [9 verses](noun sg fem acc) "Tribulation" is from thlipsis, which means "pressure", "crushing", and "castration". It is a metaphor for "affliction"and "oppression." Earlier in Matthew 24:9, it was translated as "afflicted."
ἐκείνην [107 verses] (adj p sg fem acc) "That" is from ekeinos which means "the person there", "that person", "that thing", "in that case", "in that way", "at that place," and "in that manner." With certain preposition, it has a specific meaning:ἐξ ἐκείνου from that time, κατ᾽ ἐκεῖνα in that place, there, μετ᾽ ἐκεῖνα afterwards,
“ὁ [821 verses] (article sg masc nom) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
ἥλιος [8 verses](noun sg masc nom) "Sun" is helios, which means the "sun", "life", "day", "sunshine", "the sun's heat", "brightness," and the sun-god.
σκοτισθήσεται, [2 verses] (verb 3rd sg fut ind pass) "Shall... be darken" is skotizo, which means "to make dark."
καὶ [1089 verses] (conj/adv) "And" is from kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
ἡ [821 verses] (article sg fem nom) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
σελήνη [3 verses] (noun sg fem nom) "Moon" is selene, which means "moon", "full moon", "month," and is the name of the goddess of the moon.
οὐ [269 verses](partic) "Not" is from ou which is the negative adverb for facts and statements, negating both single words and sentences. The other negative adverb, μή applies to will and thought; οὐ denies, μή rejects; οὐ is absolute, μή relative; οὐ objective, μή subjective.
δώσει [147 verses] (verb 3rd sg fut ind act) "Shall...give" is from didomi, which means "to give", "to grant", "to hand over", "appoint", "establish," and "to describe."
τὸ [821 verses] (article sg neut acc) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
φέγγος [2 verses] (noun sg neut acc) "Light" is pheggos, which means "light", "splendor", "luster", "moonlight", "day," and "light" as a metaphor for glory, pride, and joy.