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Today's Verse Analysis

After Jesus tells those that follow him will be rewarded.  The context however is more likely, Matthew 19:24 that describes how difficult it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of heaven.

Spoken to
Apostles
KJV Verse

Matthew 19:30 But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first.

NIV Verse:

Matthew 19:30 But many who are first will be last, and many who are last will be first.

 

What His Listeners Heard:

Many, however, first will be last and last, first.

Lost In Translation:

This is a great example of a translation that is meant to highlight one possible meaning and obscure all the other possible meanings. But while most of Jesus's words have the wordplay translated out of them, that is much more difficult here. All the "nouns" here are actually adjectives, plural, referring to people, not things. They are all also in the form of  subjects, so  they are all equated, but only one verb "to be" appears, in the future tense after "many" and before "first." 

The alternate translation is "Many, however, will be highest, lowest and lowest, highest." Imagine how this could have been said with different gestures and inflections to change its meaning. Where we mentally add the verbs "are" can change the meaning dramatically. For example, "Many, however, shall are first, they are last, and they are last, first."

All these adjectives have several different meanings depending on their context. The word translated as "many" can also mean "mighty" or "great in value."   If the context is "the realm of the sky," then a sense of "first" and "last" could well be "highest" and "lowest," especially since this is these word's meaning when referring to people's rank, which seems to be the point.  The next chapter begins with a parable illustrating this idea. The terms translated as "first" and "last" are superlative forms of adjectives. How we translated these words also changes the meaning dramatically. For example, "Many, however, shall are highest, they are lowest, and they are lowest, highest."

KJV w/Translation Issues :

 But many [that are(IP)] first [shall be(WP)] last; and the(IW) last [shall be(IW)] first.

KJV List (See full page for word-by-word analysis):
For analysis of each word of original Greek and biblical verses, click here.

Constantly Updated

My analysis standards and methods are constantly improving. New information on each verse is provided as articles are updated. It requires approximately two years for me to work through updating each of Jesus's verses.

What Jesus's Listeners Heard

The everyday meanings of the Greek words Jesus used were different than the definitions they have been given over time in biblical translation. The word translations here are based upon documents of his time such as the Greek Septuagint, not ideas unknown in his time.

About this Site

See what Jesus said in Greek and see how his words are changed in English translation. My goal is to translate Jesus's words as they were heard when he taught, not the way they are interpreted today. The work here resurrects the humor and cleverness of Jesus's words lost in translation.

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Each article provides detailed information on all the Greek words in each verse with links simplifying your own research. It compares the Greek to popular translations to show where words are confused, changed, left out, and added. This site offers research available nowhere else, such as how often Jesus uses a specific Greek word and links to a list of every verse in which he uses a given word.