The   -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

Law -- The Greek word translated as "law" describes the social norms, which can be from "tradition," "common practice," or the "laws." Jesus uses it to refer to the first five books of the OT written by Moses. He did not use it to refer to civil or Roman law. See this article. 

and  --- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."

the   -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

Prophets -- (UW) The Greek word translated as "prophets" means "one who speaks for God," "interpreter" and was the highest level of priesthood in Egypt, but its root words mean "shine light before" and so "luminaries," "shining lights" or "enlightened" seems to capture the idea better. Jesus uses it to refer not only to divine spokespeople but their books in the OT.   It is an untranslated Greek word adopted into English. It means "one who speaks for God", "interpreter" and was the highest level of priesthood in Egypt. It does not mean "one who sees the future" as it does in English. The sense is more a "luminary" because the Greek word comes from "light shining." Read this article for more information. 

were -- There is no verb "were" here in the Greek source but it is implied by the noun in the form of a subject having no verb associated with it.

proclaimed -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. 

until - The Greek word translated as "until" means "up to," and "until."

John: -  "John" is the Greek word translated as the English proper name. 

Since ---  The word translated as "from" since"from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from." It is not the word form  usually translated as "of." Referring to time, it means "from," and "after."

 that time -- -- The Greek word for "that time" means "at this time" or "then." With the subjective negative, the sense is "not when."

the good news of -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as this phrase in the Greek source.

the   -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

kingdom -- The word translated as "kingdom" can be the region, the reign, the castle or the authority of a ruler. Christ does not seem to use it to mean a physical region, so its translation as "reign" or "realm" seems more appropriate. This is especially true because the "reign" of a king means the execution of his will.

missing "the/this"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more. 

 of -- This word "of"  comes from the possessive form (genitive case) of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English.  The most common is the "of" of possession. However, it can also mean "belonging to," "part of," "which is," "than" (in comparisons), or  "for," "concerning" or "about" with transitive verbs.

God -- The word translated as "God" means "God" and "deity." When used by Jesus and in the Septuagint to mean "God, it is introduced with an article, so "the God," "the Divine" or "the divine one." The definite article identifies it as specific.  When a definite article does not introduce it, it refers more generally to "divinity," the nature of God. 

is -- This helping verb "is" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.

being  -- (WF) The verb "being" is used here to form the English present, progressive tense, but that form doesn't exist in Greek. WF -- Wrong Form -  The present, progressive tense doesn't exist in Greek.

preached, -- (CW) "Preach" is translated from a Greek word that means to"bring good news," and, in the passive, "receive good news."  It is either passive, or in a form which indicates the subject acting on itself. It is in the form of "to bring good news. It comes before the word translated as "must."   This religious "preached" is more specific than the word's meaning. 

and  -- The Greek word translated as "law" describes the social norms, which can be from "tradition," "common practice," or the "laws." Jesus uses it to refer to the first five books of the OT written by Moses. He did not use it to refer to civil or Roman law. See this article.

everyone -- The word translated as "every" is the Greek adjective meaning "all," "the whole," "every," and similar ideas. When it is used as a noun, we would say "everything." As an adverb, it means "in every way," "on every side," and "altogether."

is   -- (WF) The verb "is" is used here to form the English present, progressive tense, but that form doesn't exist in Greek. 

forcing - "Presseth" is a verb that means "to constrain," "to force," and "to use violence." However, it not a true passive, but in the form where the subject is acted upon by or for itself. This is an uncommon word for Christ to use, so it stands about a chosen specifically to make his point. It is either in the passive voice, "is constrained" or the middle voice, "constrains himself". The verb here is translated as active but it is either the passive or middle voice where the subject acts on/by/for themselves. 

their way -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as this phrase in the Greek source.

 into" -- The word translated as "to" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in" (a position),  "as much as (of measure or limit)," "in regards to" a subject, "up to" limits in measures, "until" in reference to time, "within" a time limit, and "for" a purpose or object. Used with the Greek "from" it means "from...to."

 it. -- The word translated as "it" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English in the form of a singular object of a verb or preposition. It refers to feminine nouns not just female people, so it is translated as both "she" or "it" depending on the context.