Last Supper after bequeathing a realm to the Apostles.
Luke 22:32 But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren.
Luke 22:32 But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers.”
But I myself am in need for you so that this trust of yours might not cease. And when you yourself return, support these brothers of yours!
Here, though we cannot see it in English translation, Jesus starts to address an individual personally. The final sentence in the previous verse was addressed to all the apostles.
The word translated as "pray" mean "want," in the sense of "be in need of." It is not the normal Greek word translated as "pray."
The word translated as "strengthen" means "support." It is a command.
Those who do not need our support themselves, need us to support others.
But I (MW) have(WF) prayed(CW) for thee, that thy (MW) faith (MW) fail not: and when thou (MW) art(WV) converted(CW) strengthen(CW) thy brethren.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "myself" after "I" is not shown in the English translation.
- WT - Wrong Tense - The verb "have" indicates the past perfect tense, but the tense is something that happens at a specific point in time (past, present, or future).
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "pray."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "faith" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The following verb is in the form of possibility, a subjunctive, which requires a "should" or "might" before the verb.
- MW -- Missing Word -- This subject pronoun duplicates information in the verb so it needs a "yourself" after "you" for emphasis.
- WV --Wrong Voice - The "converted" here is translated as passive but it is active.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The word "converted" has a religious meaning that the Greek word didn't have.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "strengthen" should be something more like "support."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "myself" after "I" is not shown in the English translation.
- WT - Wrong Tense - The verb "have" indicates the past perfect tense, but the tense is something that happens at a specific point in time (past, present, or future).
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "pray."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "faith" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW -- Missing Word -- This subject pronoun duplicates information in the verb so it needs a "yourself" after "you" for emphasis.
- WT - Wrong Tense - The verb "have" indicates the past perfect tense, but the tense is something that happens at a specific point in time (past, present, or future).
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "strengthen" should be something more like "support."
But -- The Greek word translated as "but" means "but", "however", and "on the other hand". Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.
I -- This is from the first-person, singular form of the verb. We have seen this emphasis several times at the Passover meal.
missing "myself" -- (MW) The pronoun "I" is also used here. When the subject of the sentence is part of the verb, this pronoun accentuates who is speaking "I." Saying "I myself" captures this feeling in English. The subject pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "I myself."
have -- (WT) This helping verb "have" indicates that the verb is the tense indicating an action completed in the past. This is not the tense of the verb here.
prayed -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "have prayed" is means to "lack", "miss", "stand in need of", "want", "to be in want or need", "require", and to "beg a thing from". The form is not the past tense, as translated, but a tense that refers to a specific point in time, past, present, or future. This is not the word usually translated as "pray," but it is always translated as "pray" when Jesus uses it.
for -- The Greek word translated as "for" means It means "around" when referring to a place, but, in this context, it means "about", "concerning", "on account of," and "in regard to." This is the way Christ usually uses it.
thee -- The word translated as "thee" is singular form of the second person pronoun. This is the first time Jesus has used the singular in this group of verses. Though he has been likely answering questions that whole time, his answers, until now, have addressed everyone.
that - The word translated as "that" is an adverb or a conjunction that starts a subordinate clause "there", "where," and "in order that."
thy -- The word translated as "thy" is the possessive form of the second-person, singular pronoun.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
faith -- The term translated as "faith" is closer to our idea of having confidence or trust in people, especially their word, rather than having religious belief. This noun follows the verb, which creates some suspense in the verse.
missing "should" or "might"-- (MW) A helping verb is necessary because the following verb is a verb of possibility, a subjunctive, something that "should" or "might" occur.
fail -- The key word here is translated as "fail". The verb is a rare one for Jesus, only used here and one other place. It seems chosen for the humor. The word primarily means to "forsake", "desert", "abandon" not "fail," but Jesus only uses it twice.
not- The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, and requests. The sense is that "it doesn't want" to do something, not that it isn't done or don't think something that might be true. This negative begins the clause, coming before the verb and the subject.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
when -- The "when" is from an adverb meaning "when", "at what time", "at some time or other", "at some unknown time, and "at some time in the future."
thou -- The "thou" here is the pronoun. Since pronouns are not usually used for subject in Greek, its use is to accentuate the word like we would say "you yourself".
missing "yourself" -- (MW) The subjective pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
art -- (WV) This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive, but the following verb here is not passive but it is active.
converted -- (CW) "Art converted, " is translated from a Greek word "to turn about", "return", or "to turn around," but also means "cause to return" and "to turn one's mind towards" something. It is not passive, but active, "you return". The word "converted" has a religious meaning that the Greek word didn't have.
strengthen -- (WW) "Strengthen" is a Greek verb that means to "make fast", "prop", "fix", and "support". Jesus only uses this word twice. It is the word that means setting a stone in the ground so it won't move and putting a rainbow in the clouds, but metaphorically, it means "to establish". The sense here is clearly "support". This word doesn't mean "strengthen."
thy -- The word translated as "thy" is the possessive form of the second person pronoun.
brethren-- The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate. .
But -- The Greek word translated as "but" means "but", "however", and "on the other hand". Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.
I -- This is from the first-person, singular form of the verb. We have seen this emphasis several times at the Passover meal.
missing "myself" -- (MW) The pronoun "I" is also used here. When the subject of the sentence is part of the verb, this pronoun accentuates who is speaking "I." Saying "I myself" captures this feeling in English. The subject pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "I myself."
have -- (WT) This helping verb "have" indicates that the verb is the tense indicating an action completed in the past. This is not the tense of the verb here.
prayed -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "have prayed" is means to "lack", "miss", "stand in need of", "want", "to be in want or need", "require", and to "beg a thing from". The form is not the past tense, as translated, but a tense that refers to a specific point in time, past, present, or future. This is not the word usually translated as "pray," but it is always translated as "pray" when Jesus uses it.
for -- The Greek word translated as "for" means It means "around" when referring to a place, but, in this context, it means "about", "concerning", "on account of," and "in regard to." This is the way Christ usually uses it.
you-- The word translated as "you" is singular form of the second person pronoun. This is the first time Jesus has used the singular in this group of verses. Though he has been likely answering questions that whole time, his answers, until now, have addressed everyone.
Simon -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. IW - Inserted Word-- The "Simon" doesn't exist in the source.
that - The word translated as "that" is an adverb or a conjunction that starts a subordinate clause "there", "where," and "in order that."
your -- The word translated as "your " is the possessive form of the second-person, singular pronoun.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
faith -- The term translated as "faith" is closer to our idea of having confidence or trust in people, especially their word, rather than having religious belief. This noun follows the verb, which creates some suspense in the verse.
may -- This helping verb "may" indicates that the verb indicates a possibility, the subjunctive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
not- The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, and requests. The sense is that "it doesn't want" to do something, not that it isn't done or don't think something that might be true. This negative begins the clause, coming before the verb and the subject.
fail -- The key word here is translated as "fail". The verb is a rare one for Jesus, only used here and one other place. It seems chosen for the humor. The word primarily means to "forsake", "desert", "abandon" not "fail," but Jesus only uses it twice.
And -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
when -- The "when" is from an adverb meaning "when", "at what time", "at some time or other", "at some unknown time, and "at some time in the future."
you -- The "you" here is the pronoun. Since pronouns are not usually used for subject in Greek, its use is to accentuate the word like we would say "you yourself".
missing "yourself" -- (MW) The subjective pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
have -- (WT) This helping verb "have" indicates that the verb is the tense indicating an action completed in the past. This is not the tense of the verb here.
turned back --" Turned back, " is translated from a Greek word "to turn about", "return", or "to turn around," but also means "cause to return" and "to turn one's mind towards" something. It is not passive, but active, "you return".
strengthen -- (WW) "Strengthen" is a Greek verb that means to "make fast", "prop", "fix", and "support". Jesus only uses this word twice. It is the word that means setting a stone in the ground so it won't move and putting a rainbow in the clouds, but metaphorically, it means "to establish". The sense here is clearly "support". This word doesn't mean "strengthen."
your -- The word translated as "your " is the possessive form of the second person pronoun.
brethren-- The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate. .
ἐγὼ (pron 1st sg masc nom) "I" is ego, which is the first-person singular pronoun meaning "I". It also means "I at least", "for my part", "indeed," and for myself. --
δὲ (conj/adv) "But" is de which means "but" and "on the other hand." It is the particle that joins sentences in an adversarial way but can also be a weak connective ("and") and explanation of cause ("so") and a condition ("if"). --
ἐδεήθην [4 verses] ( verb 1st sg aor ind pass ) "Pray" is from deomai, which means to "lack", "miss", "stand in need of", "want", "to be in want or need", "require", and to "beg a thing from". --
περὶ (prep) "For" is peri, which means "round about (Place)", "around", "about", "concerning", "on account of", "in regard to", "before", "above", "beyond," and "all around." --
σοῦ (adj sg masc gen) "Thee" is sou which means "of you" and "your." --
ἵνα (adv/conj) "That" is hina, which means "in that place", "there", "where", "when", "that", "in order that", "when," and "because." --
μὴ (partic) "Not" is me , which is the negative used in prohibitions and expressions of doubt meaning "not" and "no." As οὐ (ou) negates fact and statement; μή rejects, οὐ denies; μή is relative, οὐ absolute; μή subjective, οὐ objective. --
ἐκλίπῃ [2 verses]( verb 3rd sg aor subj act ) "Fail" is from ekleipo which means "leave out", "pass over", "forsake", "desert", "abandon", "fail one," [of the moon] "eclipse", "faint", "leave off", "cease", "be wanting", "be left", "remain," or "depart." --
ἡ [821 verses](article sg fem nom) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." --
πίστις ( noun sg fem nom ) "Faith" is pistis, which means "confidence", "assurance", "trustworthiness", "credit", "a trust," "that which give confidence," and, as a character trait, "faithfulness."--
σου: (adj sg masc gen) "Thy" is sou which means "of you" and "your." --
καὶ (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just." --
σύ (pron 2nd sg nom) "Thou" is su which means "you" and "your." --
ποτε (adv/conj) "When" comes from pote, which means "when", "at what time", "at some time or other", "at some unknown time, and "at some time in the future." --
ἐπιστρέψας ( verb 2nd sg aor ind act ) "Art converted" is epistrepho, which means "to turn about", "to turn around", "turn towards", "return", "curve", "twist", "go back-and forwards", "pay attention to," "to turn one's mind towards," "regard", "conduct oneself," and "behave," and in the passive to "be converted", "to be distorted", "turn oneself round", "are turned," and as an adjective, "earnest", "vehement." --
στήρισον [2 verses] verb 2nd sg aor imperat act ) "Strengthen" is stērizō, which means to "make fast", "prop", "fix", and "support". In the passive, "to be firmly set or fixed", and "stand fast." Metaphorically, it means to "confirm", and "establish." --
τοὺς [821 verses](article pl masc acc ) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." -- missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more. MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "word" is not shown in the English translation.
ἀδελφούς ( noun pl masc acc ) "Brethren" is adelphos, which means "son of the same mother", "kinsman", "colleague", "associate," and "brother." --
σου. (adj sg masc gen) "Your" is sou which means "of you" and "your." --