Get  - (CW) "Get" is from a Greek verbal command that means literally "go under" or "bring under," but Jesus usually uses it without an object to mean "go away" and "depart."However, here it has an object and it is a command to take something from beneath. The object is an adversary or a trap.The word "get" is used because that is how we would tell someone to go behind us in English, but this isn't what Jesus is doing.

behind  - The term translated as "behind" means "back" in space but "forward" in time. This reference then is to place, as it, "get out of my way."  The logic regarding time is that, since the future is unseen, it should be regarded as behind us, whereas the past is known and therefore before our eyes. This seems quite strange to English speakers, but the use of this word in Greek is well-established to mean "future." Our English view coincides with the ancient Greek when discussing books. The "back" of the book in English means the "end" of the book, which is the future for the reader. This use of "back" is identical to the Greek. 

me, "Me" is from the regular first possessive person pronoun in Greek, so "of me."

Satan: - (UW, WF)  "Satan" is from an Aramaic word means "adversary" and "opponent." Its form is that of the object of the sentence (accusative), what is brought under control,  not a name someone is being called (vocative). So this is not a name that Jesus is calling Peter.  It is the thing Jesus is telling Peter to put behind him. More about this word in this article.

missing "for "  -- (MW) The untranslated word "for" introduces a statement of fact or cause. While we can translate it as a word such as "because," it often works best to translate it as "this is because" to prevent complex, run-on sentences.

You -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.

do -- This helping verb is used to create questions, commands, negative statements, and smooth word flow in English, but the Greek could be either a question or a statement.

not  - The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. When a negative precedes the verb as it does here, it affects the whole clause.

have in mind - (CW) In the original Greek, the word translated as "have in mind " means simply "to have understanding" or "to comprehend." It refers to a state of understanding, not the discovery of it. It is not a word commonly used by Jesus to discuss understanding. It is used only in the parallel verses in Matthew and Mark. This indicates that it was chosen for its specific meaning. It is from a root noun that Jesus never uses that means "midriff," but which the Greeks use like we use "a gut feeling" or "having the guts" or "my gut tells me.: So the sense is "having a gut feeling."

the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.

concerns -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "concerns " in the Greek source.

of -- This word "of"  comes from the genitive case of the following word that required the addition of a preposition in English.  The most common is the "of" of possession.

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

God, -- The word translated as "God" means "God" and "deity." It is introduced with an article, so "the God." Jesus often uses it this way perhaps to indicate the one God as opposed to the pagan gods.

but -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "but" denotes an exception or simple opposition. It is used to emphasize the contrast between things like we use "instead," "but instead,"or "rather." It is not the common word usually translated as "but." It is the Greek word "other" like we use "otherwise." Jesus often uses this conjunction to connect a negative clause, "not this," with a positive one, "instead this."

merely -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "merely" in the Greek source.

missing "those"  -- (MW) The untranslated word "those" is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

missing "these"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

human. -- (WF) The Greek word for "human" means "man," "person" and "humanity" in the singular. In the plural, it means "men," "people," and "peoples." Here it is plural and introduced by an article so it indicates a specific group of men. It is a noun, not an adjective.

concerns -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "concerns " in the Greek source.