Jesus continues the parable of the rich man and Lazarus.
Luke 16:22 And it came to pass, that the beggar died, and was carried by the angels into Abraham's bosom: the rich man also died, and was buried;
Luke 16:22 The time came when the beggar died and the angels carried him to Abraham’s side. The rich man also died and was buried.
It happened, however, while that beggar died and he was carried off by the messengers into the lap of Abraham, he died also, however, that rich one and was honored by a funeral.
The Greek makes it clear that the death of the beggar and rich man happened at the same time using a structure called the "accusative absolute." Used in an opening phrase, here, the one about the poor man dying and being carried by angels, it indicates that that event happened at the same time as the next one, the rich man dying.
The phrase saying the rich man "was buried" misses the point. The Greek word means "honored with funeral rites." The point is that he was given honors, not simply that he was interred.
This verse introduces the concept of "the bosom of Abraham", which exists only in this story in the NT. It may be related to the "table of Abraham" mentioned in Matthew 8:11 and the practice of reclining at tables, putting one man's head at another's belly, lap, or bosom.
What is honored on earth is not necessarily honorable.
ἐγένετο δὲ ἀποθανεῖν τὸν πτωχὸν καὶ ἀπενεχθῆναι αὐτὸν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀγγέλων
It happened, however, while died that beggar and was carried off he by the messengers
εἰς τὸν κόλπον Ἀβραάμ: ἀπέθανεν δὲ καὶ ὁ πλούσιος καὶ ἐτάφη.
into the lap of Abraham, he died, however, also that one rich and was honored by a funeral.
And(WW) it [came to pass(CW)], that(WW) the beggar died, and was carried by the angels(UW) (MW) into Abraham's (MW) bosom: the rich man(IW) (MW) also died, and was buried(CW).
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "and" should be something more like "but”.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The does not have the words usually translated as "came" or "pass”.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "that" should be something more like "while”.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "him" after "carried" is not translated.
- UW --Untranslated Word -- The word "angels" means "messengers”. It is an untranslated Greek word adopted into English.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "bosom" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "man" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "however" after "man" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- "buried" is more general than the word's more specific meaning.
(MW) [The time(IP)] came (WW) when(IW) the beggar died and (MW) the angels(UW) carried(WV) him to Abraham’s (MW) side(CW). The rich man(IW) also(WW) died, and was buried(CW).
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "but" at the beginning of the sentence is not shown in the English translation.
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The "the time" doesn't exist in the source.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "came" should be something more like "happened”.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "by" after "and" is not shown in the English translation.
- WV --Wrong Voice - The "carried" here is translated as active but it is passive.
- UW --Untranslated Word -- The word "angels" means "messengers." It is an untranslated Greek word adopted into English.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "side" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "side”.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "man" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "however" after "man" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- "buried" is more more general than the word's more specific meaning.
And -- (WW) The Greek word translated as "and" means "but", "yet”, "however" and "on the other hand”. It joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better. This word doesn't mean "and”.
it -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb
came to pass -- (CW) The word translated as "came to pass" means "to become", that is, to enter into a new state. When applied to events, this word means "to happen”, "to occur” or "take place”. Sometimes, "arises" works best when the subject comes into being. For things, it can be "to be produced”. When the participle takes a predicate, the sense is "coming into" something. The form of the verb's object can indicate the time or to whom it "happens". The does not have the words usually translated as "came" or "pass”.
that -- (WW) There is no Greek word here, but a "while" or "during” is necessary here because the phrase is an "accusative absolute" that indicates a something happening at the same time as the main verb. This word doesn't mean "while”.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these”, "those") than the English "the”. See this article for more.
beggar -- "Beggar" is an adjective that means "a beggar" and "beggarly" and it a metaphor for being lacking in something.
died, - "Died" is a Greek verb that means "to die" and "to die off”. Since the root word also means "to die” and the prefix means "away”, the sense is to "pass away" or to "die off". It is in the form of an infinitive, "to die off".
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”.
missing "he" -- (MW) The untranslated word "him" is the Greek adjective that acts like our third-person pronoun. The form is the third person, singular, masculine as a direct object of a verb or preposition. Here it is the subject of an infinitive in an accusative absolute.
was -- This helping verb "was" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
carried -- "Carried" is a Greek verb that means to "carry off or away", "pay back", "return", "bring in", "bring" and "hand over as required". This verb is also an infinitive and passive. Again, the passive form doesn't fit the objective pronoun. This verb is only used by Jesus here. This is not an active verb but an infinitive.
missing "he" -- (MW) The untranslated word "him" is the Greek adjective that acts like our third-person pronoun. The form is the third person, singular, masculine as a direct object of a verb or preposition.
by -- The word translated as "by" means "by”, "under" or "with”. Its primary meaning is "under" both in the sense of moving under, being under, and being under different forms of compulsion. With passive verbs like "carried”, it means "by" in the sense of a cause or agent.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these”, "those") than the English "the". See this article for more.
angels-- (UW) "Angels" is a noun meaning "messenger" and "envoys" though it became to mean "semi-divine beings" in later use from its use in the NT. Jesus uses this word to describe the means by which Jesus communicates to us and our thoughts.
to -- The word translated as "to" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in" (a position), "as much as” (of measure or limit), "in regards to" a subject, "up to" limits in measures, "until" in reference to time, "within" a time limit, and "for" a purpose or object. Used with the Greek "from" it means "from...to”.
Abraham's -- This is from the Greek spelling of "Abraham”.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the”. which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these” and "those"). See this article for more.
bosom: - "Bosom" is the Greek noun that means "bosom", "lap", "fold of a garment", "womb" and, of the sea, "bay". It is closer to the "lap" or "belly" than the chest. Jesus only uses this term three times.
the-- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these”, "those") than the English "the”. See this article for more.
rich -- "Rich" is from an adjective that means "rich” and "opulent”. It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich. Here, it is used with an article, "the rich" but unlike English the sense is not a group of people, which would be plural, not singular, but "one who is wealthy”.
man-- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
missing "however" -- (MW) The untranslated word "also" means "but”, "yet”, "however” and "on the other hand". It joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better. This word doesn't mean "and”.
also -- The Greek word translated as "also" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”.
died, - "Died" is a Greek verb that means "to die" and "to die off”. Since the root word also means "to die”, and the prefix means "away," the sense is to "pass away" or to "die off”.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”.
was -- This helping verb "was" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
buried; -- (CW) The word translated as "bury" means "to pay the last dues to a corpse", "to honor with funeral rites”. This translation is more general than the word's more specific meaning.
missing "but" -- (MW) The untranslated word "and" means "but", "yet”, "however” and "on the other hand”. It joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better. This word doesn't mean "and”.
The time -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as this phrase in the Greek source.
came -- (WW) The word translated as "came" means "to become”, that is, to enter into a new state. When applied to events, this word means "to happen”, "to occur” or "take place”. Sometimes, "arises" works best when the subject comes into being. For things, it can be "to be produced”. When the participle takes a predicate, the sense is "coming into" something. The form of the verb's object can indicate the time or to whom it "happens." This word doesn't mean "came”.
when -- There is no Greek word here, but a "while" or "during”, is necessary here because the phrase is an "accusative absolute" that indicates a something happening at the same time as the main verb. This word can also mean "while”.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these”, "those") than the English "the”. See this article for more.
beggar -- "Beggar" is an adjective that means "a beggar" and "beggarly" and it is a metaphor for being lacking in something.
died, - "Died" is a Greek verb that means "to die" and "to die off”, Since the root word also means "to die," and the prefix means "away," the sense is to "pass away" or to "die off”. It is in the form of an infinitive, "to die off".
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”.
missing "by" -- (MW) The untranslated word "by", means "by”, "under” or "with”. Its primary meaning is "under" both in the sense of moving under, being under, and being under different forms of compulsion. With passive verbs like "carried”, it means "by" in the sense of a cause or agent.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these”, "those") than the English "the". See this article for more.
angels-- (UW) "Angels" is a noun meaning "messenger" and "envoys" though it came to mean "semi-divine beings" in later use from its use in the NT. Jesus uses this word to describe the means by which Jesus communicates to us and our thoughts.
carried -- (WV) "Carried" is a Greek verb that means to "carry off or away", "pay back", "return", "bring in", "bring" and "hand over as required". This verb is also an infinitive and passive. Again, the passive form doesn't fit the objective pronoun. This verb is only used by Jesus here. This is an infinitive, but that works like an active verb in an accusative absolute. The verb here is translated as active but it is passive.
him -- The word "him" is the Greek adjective that acts like our third-person pronoun. The form is the third person, singular, masculine as a direct object of a verb or preposition.
to -- The word translated as "to" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in" (a position), "as much as” (of measure or limit), "in regards to" a subject, "up to" limits in measures, "until" in reference to time, "within" a time limit, and "for" a purpose or object. Used with the Greek "from" it means "from...to”.
Abraham's -- This is from the Greek spelling of "Abraham”.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these” and "those"). See this article for more.
side: - (CW) "Side" is the Greek noun that means "bosom", "lap", "fold of a garment", "womb" and, of the sea, "bay". It is closer to the "lap" or "belly" than the chest. Jesus only uses this term three times. This is not the word usually translated as "side.”.
The -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the”, which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this”, "that”, "these”, "those") than the English "the". See this article for more.
rich -- "Rich" is from an adjective that means "rich” and "opulent”. It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich. Here, it is used with an article, "the rich" but unlike English the sense is not a group of people, which would be plural, not singular, but "one who is wealthy”.
man-- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
missing "however" -- (MW) The untranslated word "also" means "but”, "yet”, "however” and "on the other hand". It joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better. This word doesn't mean "and”.
also -- The Greek word translated as "also" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even", "also” and "just”.
died, - "Died" is a Greek verb that means "to die" and "to die off”. Since the root word also means "to die", and the prefix means "away", the sense is to "pass away" or to "die off”.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also” and "just”.
was -- This helping verb "was" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
buried; -- (CW) The word translated as "bury" means "to pay the last dues to a corpse", "to honor with funeral rites”. This translation is more general than the word's more specific meaning.
ἐγένετο [117 verses](verb 3rd sg aor ind mid) "It came to pass" is ginomai, which means "to become”, "to come into being”, "to happen”, of things "to be produced”, of events "happen”, (passive) "take place”, "come to pass”, "to be engaged in”, math "to be multiplied into”, "become one of”, "turn into”. It means changing into a new state of being. When the participle takes a predicate, the sense is "coming into" something. This verb also has a number of special meanings with different prepositions. It is the complementary opposite of the verb "to be" (eimi) which indicates existence in the same state. A genitive object indicates the time during which it "happens" or a date on which it "falls." A dative object indicates to whom it happens.
δὲ [446 verses](conj) "But" is de which means "but", "yet”, "however" and "on the other hand”. It is the particle that joins sentences in an adversarial way but can also be an explanation of an indirect cause ("so") and a condition ("if"). In an "if" (εἰ) clause or temporal "when" (ὅταν) clause the sense is "if/when... then". In a series begun by men, it means "on the other hand”. In a listing, the sense is "then" or "yet”. After an interruption, "so then”. It can also be an explanation of cause ("so") and a condition ("if"). In a listing, the sense is "then" or "yet”. After an interruption, "so then”.
ἀποθανεῖν [14 verses] (verb aor inf act ) "Died" is from apothnesko, which means "to die", "to pass away” and "to die off”. The prefix means "away”. The root "to die”.
τὸν [821 verses](article sg masc acc) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones”.
πτωχὸν [17 verses] (adj sg masc acc) "Beggar" is ptochos, which means "beggar”, "beggar-woman” and "beggarly”.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and" or "also”. After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also”. Also used to give emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just". In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also”. After words implying sameness "as”.
ἀπενεχθῆναι [1 verse](verb aor inf pass) "Was carried" is apopherō, which means to "carry off or away", "pay back", "return", "bring in", "bring" and "hand over as required".
αὐτὸν [124 verses](pron/adj sg masc acc) "Him/It" is auton, is the masculine, accusative case of the third-person, singular adjective that is used as a pronoun. Masculine pronouns can refer to things as well as people, so it can be “it”. The word also means "the same” and "of one's own accord”. An accusative object of a preposition indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Event may show the amount of time. However, masculine pronouns refer to masculine nouns, not just masculine people so this word can mean "it" as well as "he”. As a preposition's object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Events may show the amount of time.
ὑπὸ [29 verses](prep) "By" is hypo (hupo), which means [with genitive] "from under” (of motion), "down under”, “under”, “beneath”, "by" indicating a cause with passive verbs, in the sense of a cause or agency, "under” or "with”, "under the cover or protection of”, "of the agency of feelings, passions”, "expressing subjection or dependence”, "subordinate”, "subject to;" [with accusative] "towards" and "under" (to express motion), "under" (without a sense of motion), "subjection”, "control”, "dependence”, of Time, "in the course of”, "during”, "about”, as an adverb, "under”, "below”, “beneath”, the agency or influence under which a thing is done "by”, "before” and "under” (with genitive and passive verbs of cause). -- The word translated as "of" primarily means "by”, "under”, or "with”. Its primary meaning is "under" both in the sense of moving under, being under, and being under different forms of compulsion.
τῶν [821 verses](article pl masc/fem gen) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones”.
ἀγγέλων [25 verses](noun pl masc/fem gen) "Angels" is from aggelos, (aggelos) which means "messenger" and "envoy”. "Angels" is aggelos, which means "messenger" and "envoys" though it became to mean "semi-divine beings" in later use.
εἰς [325 verses](prep) "Into" is eis, which means "into” (of place), "up to” (of time), "until” (of time)”, "in" (a position), "as much as” (of measure or limit), "as far as” (of measure or limit), "towards” (to express relation), "in regard to” (to express relation), "of an end or limit" and "for (of purpose or object). With verbs of speaking, it is the person spoken "to". With time, a limit "until”, or a duration "for”, "throughout” or a date, "on”, "at”. Used with ek, it means "from...to”.
τὸν [821 verses](article sg masc acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones”.
κόλπον [3 verses] (noun sg masc acc) "Bosom" is from kolpos, which means "bosom", "lap", "fold of a garment", "womb" and, of the sea, "bay".
Ἀβραὰμ [18 verses](Hebrew name) "Abraham" is Abraam, which is the Greek form of "Abraham”.
ἀπέθανεν [14 verses] (verb 3rd sg aor ind act) "Died" is from apothnesko, which means "to die", "to pass away” and "to die off”. The prefix means "away”. The root "to die”.
δὲ [446 verses](conj) Untranslated is de which means "but", "yet”, "however” and "on the other hand”. It is the particle that joins sentences in an adversarial way but can also be an explanation of an indirect cause ("so") and a condition ("if"). In an "if" (εἰ) clause or temporal "when" (ὅταν) clause the sense is "if/when... then”. In a series begun by men, it means "on the other hand”. In a listing, the sense is "then" or "yet". After an interruption, "so then”. It can also be an explanation of cause ("so") and a condition ("if"). In a listing, the sense is "then" or "yet”. After an interruption, "so then”.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "Also" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and" or "also”. After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also”. Also used to give emphasis, "even”, "also" and "just”.
ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones”.
πλούσιος [11 verses] (adj pl masc nom) "The rich man"is from plousios, which means "rich” and "opulent”, It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and" or "also”. After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also”. Also used to give emphasis, "even”, "also” and "just”. In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also". After words implying sameness "as”.
ἐτάφη. [3 verses] (verb 3rd sg aor ind pass ) "Was buried" is thapto, which also means "to pay the last dues to a corpse", "to honor with funeral rites”.