You -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.

would -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "would " in the Greek source. 

have   -- The word translated as "have" means to "have," "possess," "bear," "keep close," "hold in," "have means to do,"  "to have due to one," or "keep" and many specific uses. This verb isn't used to form past tenses as the helper verb does in English. Nor does it has the sense of "must" when used with infinitives.

no -- (WP) The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It means "no," "not," or"no truly." It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea. When a negative precedes the verb, it affects the whole clause. When it precedes other words, its force is limited to those words.  Here it appears before the verb not "power."

power -- The term translated as "power" isn't the "power" of skill or energy but of authority, control, and the ability to choose. To avoid confusing it with the other Greek word for energy power from which we get "dynamic," this word might be best translated as "authority" or "control"  depending on the context.

missing "none"  -- (MW) The untranslated word  "none" also means "no one," "nothing," and other negative pronouns. It is used by Jesus more like a negative pronoun than an adjective.  Here its sense is "none," referring to power.

against -- The word translated as "against" means "down from," "down into," "against," "opposite," "separately," "at a time," "towards," "in accordance with," "concerning," "corresponding with," "during the course of a period," and "severally."

me, -- "Me" is the first-person possessive singular pronoun. This pronoun follows the noun so "of mine."  As a genitive object of a preposition, as here, it means movement away from something or a position away from something else.

 if - Two Greek words are translated as "if not." Literally, they mean "if not" but this phrase is used to mean "except," "instead," and "but."

it  -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.

were -- (CW) The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics.  The word also means "to exist" and where it doesn't connect to characteristics or conditions.  This is not a helping verb in Greek creating a passive as translated here. The "were" does not capture the word's specific meaning. not The negative is from the contraction above. It is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, and requests.

given -- (WF, WT) "Given" is didomi, which means "to give," "to grant," "to hand over," "appoint," "establish," and "to describe." -- The verb translated as "given" means "to give," "to grant," "to hand over," "appoint," "establish," and "to describe." It is almost always translated as some form of "give." The form is a particple in the past, perfect, passives so "having been given."

you -- The word for "you" is the indirect object form of the singular, second-person pronoun in the form of an indirect object, which usually requires a preposition in English, like "to you."

from above: -- This adverb is best translated as "from above," which is how Jesus uses it. It is mistranslated as "again" in the phrase "born again" but it is correctly translated here.

therefore -- (CW) This is from two Greek words meaning "through this" or "by this." The specific meaning of this phrase is "on this account" or "on account of this."

the one - The word translated as "the one" is the Greek definite article; without a noun, it has the sense of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

who -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "who " in the Greek source. It was added because the next verb was translated as active rather than as a participle.

handed -- (WF) "Handed...over" is a compound word that literally means "to give over." It is often translated in the KJV as "betray" but it has no historical sense of denouncing someone, though it may have acquired that sense from the Gospels. . Its meaning is the idea of transmitting, and handing over. It can even be used in a positive sense, such as "bestowing" a gift. Though in this context, the sense is probably "handing one" over to authorities This is not an active verb but a participle, "delivering.".

me -- "Me" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek as the object of the verb or preposition. As the object of a preposition, an accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement.

over -- -- This is from the prefix of the previous verb that means "over."

to  -- This word "to" comes from the dative case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is a "to" for the English indirect object.

you - The word for "you" is the indirect object form of the singular, second-person pronoun in the form of an indirect object, which usually requires a preposition in English, like "to you."

is guilty of -- (WW) -- The word translated as "is guilty of" means to "have," "possess," "bear," "keep close," "hold in," "have means to do,"  "to have due to one," or "keep" and many specific uses. This verb isn't used to form past tenses as the helper verb does in English. Nor does it has the sense of "must" when used with infinitives.

a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.

greater -- "Greater" is an adjective which is the comparative form of the word meaning "big" or "great." It means "bigger," "higher," "longer," "greater" and simply, "superior." When it is introduced by an article, it means "the greater." It is not the superlative form.

sin. -- (CW) The word translated as "sins" means "missing the mark," "failure," "fault," and "error." Only in religious uses does it become "guilt" and "sin," having no sense of doing malicious evil in Greek. The best English translation is "mistake," "fault," or "failure" rather than what we commonly think of as the evils of "sin." See this article for more information and context.