After accusing them of coming after him like thief.
Luke 22:53 When I was daily with you in the temple, ye stretched forth no hands against me: but this is your hour, and the power of darkness.
Luke 22:53 Every day I was with you in the temple courts, and you did not lay a hand on me. But this is your hour—when darkness reigns.”
We can reach out for the Divine or against him.
During daytime while I was with you in the temple, you didn't reach out those hands of yours against me, instead this here is yours, this moment and this authority of the darkness.
This verse is a play on words. The contrast here is clearly between the garden and the temple and daytime and the darkness of night. The two sections are separated, not by a "but" but by an "instead" which makes the contrast clearer in Greek. The contrast is also made more clearly with the "this is yours" where "this" means "this here".
καθ᾽ ἡμέραν ὄντος μου μεθ᾽ ὑμῶν ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ οὐκ ἐξετείνατε τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ᾽ ἐμέ
During daytime, while was I with you in the temple, n't you did reach out those hands against me
ἀλλ᾽ αὕτη ἐστὶν ὑμῶν ἡ ὥρα καὶ ἡ ἐξουσία τοῦ σκότους.
instead this here is yours, this moment and this authority of the darkness.
When(CW) I was (MW) daily(WF) with you in the temple, ye stretched forth no hands against me: but(CW) this is your (MW) hour, and the power of (MW) darkness.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This construction is not usually translated as "when".
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "during" before "day" is not shown in the English translation.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is "daily" is not an adverb but a noun.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "hands" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "but" is not the common word usually translated as "but" and works differently.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "hour" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "darkness" is not shown in the English translation.
Every(WW) day I was with you in the temple courts(IW), and(IW) you did not lay(WW) a(WW) hand(WN) on me. But(CW) this is your (MW) hour—when(WW) (MW) darkness (MW) reigns(WW).”
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "every" should be something more like "during".
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "courts" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "and" doesn't exist in the source.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "lay" should be something more like "extend".
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "a" should be something more like "extend".
- WN --Wrong Number- The word "hand" is translated as singular but the Greek word is plural.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "but" is not the common word usually translated as "but" and works differently.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "when" should be something more like "and".
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "hour" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "darkness" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "reigns" is not shown in the English translation.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "reigns" should be something more like "authority".
When -- (CW) This is from a special Greek word construction that indicates things happening at the same time as the following clause. This construction is not usually translated as "when".
I - "I" is the first-person possessive singular pronoun, and this is not normally the form of a subject, but it is in this special Greek word construction in the form of a subject. It is in the form of "my" or "mine".
was -- The verb "was" here is "to be" in Greek. It is in the form needed for this construction. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. However, it is not in an active form. It is in the form of an adjective, "being".
missing "during" -- (MW) The untranslated word "during" means "down from," "down into", "against", "opposite", "at a point" (geometry), "separately", "at a time", "towards", "in accordance with", "concerning", "corresponding with", "during the course of a period" and "severally".
daily -- (WF) The Greek word translated as "daily" also means "time", in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime". Here, the sense is "daytime" since it is contrasted to darkness at the end of the verse. This is not an adverb but a noun.
with -- "With" is the Greek word that usually means "with" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of". It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit.
you -- The word translated as "you" is plural addressing a group of Jesus's listeners.
in -- The word translated as "in" also means "within", "with" or "among".
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those") than the English "the". See this article for more.
temple -- "Temple" from a noun that means "holy place" and is related to the word used for "priest". However, it is also a noun that means "sacrifice" or "victim". It creates a perfect play on words.
ye -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.
stretched -- "Ye stretched forth" is a verb that means "to stretch out", but also means "to offer food", "to prostrate yourself" and "to extend". The Greek word for "stretch" has the same meaning as the word in English with all its related ideas of extending yourself and your abilities. This extension of abilities has the same sense of being work and a struggle. The verb is active, plural, and in a tense that can be past, present, or future.
forth - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix.
no -- The Greek word translated as "no" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea. It precedes the verb, not "hands". The sense is "no, you didn't".
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.
hands -- The Greek word translated as "hands" means "the hand and forearm". It can mean both the idea of a helping hand and being in someone's control. It is plural.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on", "over", "upon", "against", "before", "after", "during", "by" or "on".
me-- "Me" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek.
but -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "but" denotes an exception or simple opposition. It is used to emphasize the contrast between things like we use "instead", "but instead" or "rather". It is not the common word usually translated as "but". It is the Greek word "other" like we use "otherwise". Jesus almost always uses this conjunction to connect a negative clause, "not this", with a positive one, "instead this".
this "This" is translated from a Greek word that means "this", "that" "the nearer".
is -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics.
your -- The word translated as "your" is plural addressing a group of Jesus's listeners.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", and "those"). See this article for more.
hour -- The word translated as "hour" means a period of time, generally, as we might say "moment". It has an article before it, so "the moment".
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those") than the English "the". See this article for more.
power -- The term translated as "the power" isn't the "power" of skill or energy but of authority, control, and the ability to choose. It has an article before it, so "the authority".
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.
darkness -- "Of darkness" is a noun that means "darkness", "gloom", "blindness" and "dizziness". It is a metaphor in Greek for ignorance. The "of" comes from the form of the word. It also has an article before it, "of the darkness".
Every -- (WW) The untranslated word "during" means "down from", "down into", "against", "opposite", "at a point" (geometry), "separately", "at a time", "towards", "in accordance with", "concerning", "corresponding with", "during the course of a period" and "severally". This word doesn't mean "every".
day -- The Greek word translated as "day" also means "time", in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime". Here, the sense is "daytime" since it is contrasted to darkness at the end of the verse. This is not an adverb but a noun.
I - "I" is the first-person possessive singular pronoun, and this is not normally the form of a subject, but it is in this special Greek word construction in the form of a subject. It is in the form of "my" or "mine."
was -- The verb "was" here is "to be" in Greek. It is in the form needed for this construction. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. However, it is not in an active form. It is in the form of an adjective, "being".
with -- "With" is the Greek word that usually means "with" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of". It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit.
you -- The word translated as "you" is plural, addressing a group of Jesus's listeners.
in -- The word translated as "in" also means "within", "with" or "among".
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those") than the English "the". See this article for more.
temple -- The word translated as "Temple" is from a noun that means "holy place" and it related to the word used for "priest." However, it is also a noun that means "sacrifice" or "victim". It creates a perfect play on words.
courts -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
and -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
you -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.
did -- This helping verb is used to create questions, commands, negative statements, and smooth word flow in English.
not -- The Greek word translated as "no" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea. It precedes the verb, not "hands". The sense is "no, you didn't".
lay -- (WW) "Lay" is a verb that means "to stretch out", but also means "to offer food", "to prostrate yourself" and "to extend". The Greek word for "stretch" has the same meaning as the word in English with all its related ideas of extending yourself and your abilities. This extension of abilities has the same sense of being work and a struggle. The verb is active, plural, and in a tense that can be past, present, or future. This word doesn't mean "lay".
a -- (WW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more. This word doesn't mean "a".
hand -- (WN)The Greek word translated as "hands" means "the hand and forearm". It can mean both the idea of a helping hand and being in someone's control.
on -- The word translated as "against" means "on", "over", "upon", "against", "before", "after", "during", "by" or "on".
me-- "Me" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek.
But -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "but" denotes an exception or simple opposition. It is used to emphasize the contrast between things like we use "instead", "but instead", or "rather". It is not the common word usually translated as "but". It is the Greek word "other" like we use "otherwise". Jesus almost always uses this conjunction to connect a negative clause, "not this", with a positive one, "instead this".
this "This" is translated from a Greek word that means "this", "that", "the nearer".
is -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics.
your -- The word translated as "your" is plural addressing a group of Jesus's listeners.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.
hour -- The word translated as "hour" means a period of time, generally, as we might say "moment". It has an article before it, so "the moment".
when -- (WW) The Greek word translated as "when" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). This word doesn't mean "when".
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.
darkness -- "Of darkness" is a noun that means "darkness", "gloom", "blindness" and "dizziness". It is a metaphor in Greek for ignorance. The "of" comes from the form of the word. It also has an article before it, "of the darkness.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.
reigns -- (WW) The term translated as "reigns" is the "power" of authority, control, and the ability to choose. It has an article before it, so "the authority".
καθ᾽ (adv/prep )Untranslated is word kata, which, as a preposition, means "downwards", "down from", "down into", "against", "down toward", "opposite", "separately", "individually", "at a time", "towards", "in accordance with", "concerning", "corresponding with", "during the course of a period" and "severally". As an adverb, it means "according as", "just as", "in so far as", "wherefore", "like as if" and "exactly as".
ἡμέραν ( adj pl fem gen ) "Daily" is hemera, which, as a noun, means "day", "a state or time of life", "a time" (poetic), "day break" and "day time". It also has a second meaning, of "quiet", "tame" (animals), "cultivated" (crops) and "civilized" (people).
ὄντος ( part sg pres act masc gen ) "Was" is eimi, which means "to be", "to exist", "to be the case", of circumstance and events "to happen" and "is possible".
μου (pro sg masc gen) "I" is mou, which means "my" or "mine".
μεθ᾽ (prep) "With" is meta, which means "with", "in the midst of", "among", "between", "in common", "along with", "by the aid of", "in one's dealings with", "into the middle of", "coming into", "in pursuit of", "after", "behind", "according to", "after", "behind" and "next afterward".
ὑμῶν (pron 2nd pl gen) "Your" is humon, the plural possessive form of su the pronoun of the second person, "you".
ἐν (prep) "In" is en, which means "in", "on", "at", "by", "among", "within", "surrounded by", "in one's hands", "in one's power" and "with".
τῷ [821 verses](article sg masc dat) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones".
ἱερῷ (adj sg masc dat) "The temple" is from hieron, means which means "filled with or manifesting divine power", "holy", "consecrated", "under divine protection", "holy place", "sacred principle" and "supernatural". It also means "victim" or "sacrifice." It is related to the word used for "priest." Both come from the word hieros, which means "super-human", "mighty", "divine", "wonderful" and "holy".
οὐκ (partic) "No" is ou which is the negative adverb for facts and statements, negating both single words and sentences. The other negative adverb, μή applies to will and thought; οὐ denies, μή rejects; οὐ is absolute, μή relative; οὐ objective, μή subjective.
ἐξετείνατε [4 verses] ( verb 2nd pl aor ind act ) "Stretch forth" is ekteinô, which means "to stretch out", "to offer food", "to prostrate yourself", "to straighten", "spread out", "to extend", "spin out", "prolong", "put forth" and, in the passive, "be unfolded", "be smoothed".
τὰς -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun.
χεῖρας ( noun pl fem acc ) "Hand" is cheir (cheir) which means "the hand and arm" and "with the help of agency of another". Like "hand" in English, it has a lot of meanings including "an act or deed", "a body of people" and the measurement "handful".
ἐπ᾽ (prep) "Against" is epi, which means "on", "over", "upon", "at", "by", "before", "across", "after" in position, "during" and "against".
ἐμέ: (noun sg masc acc) "Me" is eme, which means "I", "me" and "my".
ἀλλ᾽ (adv) "But" is alla, which means "otherwise", "but", "still", "at least", "except", "yet," nevertheless", "rather", "moreover" and "nay".
αὕτη (dj sg fem nom) "This" is houtos, which as an adjective means "this", "that", "the nearer". As an adverb, it means "in this way", "therefore", "so much", "to such an extent" and "that is why".
ἐστὶν (verb 3rd sg pres ind act) "Is" is eimi, which means "to be", "to exist", "to be the case", of circumstance and events "to happen" and "is possible". (The future form is "esomai". The 3rd person present indicative is "esti".)
ὑμῶν (pron 2nd pl gen) "Your" is humon, the plural possessive form of su the pronoun of the second person, "you".
ἡ [821 verses](article sg fem nom) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones".
ὥρα (noun ) "Hour" is hora, which means "any period", "season" (especially springtime), "year" (generally), "climate" (as determined by seasons), "duration", "the twelve equal parts into which the period of daylight was divided", "the fitting time" (for a task).
καὶ -- (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and" or "but". After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also". Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also" and "just".
ἡ [821 verses](article sg fem nom) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones".
ἐξουσία ( noun sg fem nom ) "Power" is exousia which means "control", "the power of choice", "permission", "the power of authority", "the right of privilege", "abundance of means" and "abuse of power".
τοῦ [821 verses](article sg masc gen) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones".
σκότους. ( noun sg neut gen ) "Darkness" is from skotos, which means "darkness", "gloom", "blindness" and "dizziness". It is a metaphor in Greek for ignorance.