What  - The word translated as "what" is a pronoun that often, but not always signals a question.

did -- This helping verb is used to create questions, commands, negative statements, and smooth word flow in English, but the Greek could be either a question or a statement.

you -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.

go - The word translated as "went" means literally "to go or come out," but it has a secondary meaning of "making something come true."

out -- This is from the prefix that means "from"of the previous verb, which means "out of" or "from."

into  -- The word translated as "unto" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" limits in time and measure.

the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

wilderness  - "Wilderness" is from an adjective meaning "desolate," "lonely," and "solitary." It has the sense of the English phrase "the middle of nowhere."

to -- This "to" is added because the infinitive form of the verb requires a "to" in English.

see? -- (CW) The Greek verb translated as "see" means to "gaze at" or "behold." It is not one of the common words usually translated simply as "to see." It has the sense of viewing something as a spectator. Of the mind, it means "to contemplate." It is in the form describing someone acting on themselves.The Greek verb translated as "to see" means to "gaze at" or "behold." It is not one of the common words usually translated simply as "to see." It has the sense of viewing something as a spectator. Of the mind, it means "to contemplate." It is in the form describing someone acting on themselves.

missing "by/for yourselves"-- (WV) A phrase is necessary because the form of the previous verb is a middle voice, which means that the subject is to  act "for yourself" or "by yourselves."

A -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.

reed  - "Red" is translated from a Greek word that means "a reed," that is, a plant of hollow stalks that is not a bush or tree. Christ uses it as a metaphor for something standing upright that is not hard or solid.

swayed - (WF, WV, WT)  "Swayed" is a verb which means "to cause to rock," "to vibrate," and has the metaphorical meaning of "being tempest-tossed" It is in the form which indicates that subject acting on themselves. In English, we describe someone shaking themselves as "trembling."

by - The word translated as "by" primarily means "by," "under," or "with" (with the genitive and a passive verb as here). Its primary meaning is "under" both in the sense of moving under, being under, and being under different forms of compulsion.

the -- (IW) There is  nothing in the Greek that can be translated as "the" in the Greek source. A singular noun without a definite article should have an indefinite article, "a" not the definitie article, "the."

wind? -- "Wind" is from a noun which means "wind" or "gale." However, lost in translation is the fact that the Greek word translated as "spirit" also means "breath" or "wind." Christ does not use the word here but he refers to it.