σκότος [7 verses](noun sg neut nom) "Darkness" is from skotos, which means "darkness," "gloom," "blindness," and "dizziness." It also means "obscurity," "deceit," and "hidden."  It is a metaphor in Greek for ignorance. -- The Greek word translated as "darkness" has the general meaning of "darkness," "gloom," "blindness," but it also has the sense of "hidden," "obscure," and "deceit."

σκῦλα [1 verse](noun pl neut acc) "Spoils" is from skylon, which means "arms stripped off a slain enemy", "spoils", and "booty". - -The Greek noun translated as "spoils" specifically means armor that has been removed.

σκυθρωποί, [2 verses](adj pl masc nom) "Of sad countenance" come skythropos, which means "of sad or angry ," "sullen," "with greater severity," of things: "gloomy," "sad," "melancholy," and "dark and dull [of color]." -- The Greek word translated as "of a sad countenance" is an adjective that literally means "a sullen look."

Σοδόμοις [5 verses](noun, pl masc dat) "Sodom" is from Sodoma, which means the biblical town of Sodom, destroy in the OT alone by a hail of fire.--"Sodom" is from Greek spelling of  the biblical town of Sodom, destroy in the OT alone by a hail of fire. The odd thing is that the word seem to have a plural ending on it.

σοὶ [81 verses](pron 2nd sg dat) "You" is soi which is the singular, second-person pronoun, "you," in the form of an indirect pronoun. --- The word for "you" is the indirect object form of the singular, second-person pronoun in the form of an indirect object of a verb or a preposition.

Σολομῶνος, [4 verses](proper noun) "Of Solomon" is from Solomon, the Greek word for the Israelite king following David.-- This is from the Greek word for King Solomon, the son of King David.

σῶμά [17 verses](noun sg neut nom/acc)"Body" is soma, which means "body," "dead body," "the living body," "animal body," "person," "human being," "any corporeal substance," "metallic substance," "figure of three dimensions [math]," "solid," "whole [of a thing]," "frame [of a thing]," "the body of the proof," "a body of writings." and "text of a document." Like our word "body" it has special meanings such as "body" of proof and the "body" of a document. It is the physical substance of things, the body of men and animals or of heavenly bodies or groups of people. -- The Greek word translated as "body" means a physical body, either living or dead. It also refers to the "whole" of ourselves (see this article).

σοφία  [6 verses](noun sg fem nom) "Wisdom" is sophia, which means "cleverness", "skill," and "learning." This was seen as an attribute of God and a gift from God to men. Sophia was the Greek goddess of learning and in Christianity is used as a symbol for Mary, the mother of Jesus.  - Wisdom" is a word meaning "cleverness", "skill", "learning," and "wisdom." The Greek word, Sophia, was the goddess of wisdom among the Greeks. Among the Jews, this attribute was first recognized as an attribute of God and was later identified with the Spirit of God. In Greek, however, the word carried no just the idea of superior knowledge, but superior skill in doing things in the real world. It was a practical knowledge, more like we use the word "common sense." 

σοφῶν [3 verses](adj pl masc gen ) "The wise" is sophos, which means "skilled at practical matters," "clever," and "wise. The idea is those with experience and common sense.  - "Wise" is a Greek adjective that refers to those with experience and common sense. It has no article ("the") in front of it in the Greek. 

σῷ [8 verses](adj sg neut dat) "Thine" is sos, which means "thy," "thine" "of thee," or "to thee."  -  (CW) This is not the common second-person possessive pronoun, but a special pronoun used to describe things that are owned. It matches the form of the word modified. It might be better translated as "your own." CW --Confusing Word -- The "your" does not capture the word's specific meaning.

σωτηρία [2 verses](noun sg fem nom) "Salvation" is from soteria, which means "deliverance", "preservation", "a way or means of safety", "keeping safe", "security", "safety," and "salvation."  -- (CW) The word translated as "salvation" means "deliverance", "preservation", "a way or means of safety", "keeping safe", "security", "safety," and "salvation." This word is used by Jesus only twice.  Salvation is more the sense of the Latin word than the Greek. The word "salvation" has a religious meaning that the Greek word didn't have. CW --Confusing Word --  The word "salvation" has a religious meaning that the Greek word didn't have.

σου [150 verses] (pron sg masc gen) "Thine" is from sou,  the possessive (genitive) form of the second-person, singular pronoun. A genitive object means a movement away from something or a position away from something else. The time sense of a genitive object is that the event occurred within a specified time. *--  The "your" here is the singular, possessive (genitive) form the second-person pronoun. When it follows the noun, "of yours." As an object, it indicates movements or positions away from something.

σου [144 verses](pron 2nd sg gen) "Thy" is sou is the genitive form of the second-person, singular pronoun that means "of you" and "your." As a genitive object of a preposition, as here, it means a movement away from something or a position away from something else.  -- The word translated as "your" is the genitive form of the singular, second-person pronoun, which is most commonly the possessive form.  This pronoun follows the noun so "of yours."

σουδαρίῳ: [1 verse] ( noun sg neut dat ) "Napkin" is soudarion, which means a "towel" or "napkin". -- "Napkin" is another word that Jesus only uses here. It means "towel" or "napkin", but the sense is a smaller square of cloth, used like a handkerchief. In Jesus's time, people often kept money tied up in cloth, creating a bag. 

σῶσαι [25 verse](verb aor inf act) "Save" is sozo (soizo), which means "save from death," "keep alive," "keep safe," "preserve," "maintain," "keep in mind," "carry off safely," and "rescue." -- (CW)  "Made... whole" is the Greek word that means "to keep alive" when applied to people or "to keep safe" when applied to things. It is translated as "save from death," "keep alive," "keep safe," "preserve," "maintain," "keep in mind," "carry off safely," and "rescue." Jesus uses it to mean "rescue" in most cases. This is not the specific meaning of the word in this situation. CW --Confusing Word -- The "made" does not capture the word's specific meaning in this situation.

σπείρειν [31 verses](verb pres inf act) "Sowed" is speiro, which means "to sow a seed," "to beget offspring," "to scatter like a seed," and "to sow a field." -- The Greek word translated as "sow" means specifically to "sow seeds" and "to scatter" as in sowing seeds. It is, however, from the same root word as the Greek word for "seeds" so "seeding" is closer to its meaning. Seeds" are Jesus's symbol of knowledge or the beginning of knowledge.

“σπήλαιον [3 verses](noun sg neut acc) "Den" is spelaion, which means "grotto," "cavern," and "cave." It is the source for our term for exploring caves, "spelunking." It also means "behind the scenes" in a theater and was slang for one's "private parts."  - The term translated as "den" means "cave" or "grotto."

σπερμάτων, [7 verses](noun pl neut gen) "Seed" is sperma, which means "seed," "sperm," "origin," "race," "descent," and "offspring."  - "Seeds" also means "source' and "offspring." They are Christ's symbol for the "source" of knowledge and of the offspring of families.

σπεύσας  [1 verse] ( part sg aor act masc nom) "Make haste" is from speudo, which means "set going", "urge on", and "hasten." -- "Make haste" is  a Greek verb that means "set going", "urge on", and "hasten." The form in an adjective, not an active noun or a command, "getting going".

σφόδρα. [2 verses](adv) "Exceedingly" is sphodra, which means "very," "very much," and "exceedingly."  -  - "Exceedingly" is  a Greek adverb that means "very," "very much," and "exceedingly."  Jesus only uses it twice.

ἐσφράγισεν [1 verse] (3rd sg aor ind act) "Sealed" is from sphragizo, which means "to close," "to close with a seal," "to authenticate [a document with a seal]," "to close up [as with a seal]," and "to set a seal of approval upon." - The final section of the verse says that God has "sealed" Christ. However, the purpose of seals in Christ era was to authenticate or approve of something. A "seal" was the mark of a person in authority. So the Father has authenticated or approved the Son to give people the strengthening meat that leads to eternal life.

Σπλαγχνίζομαι [5 verses](verb 1st sg pres ind mp) "Have compassion" is splagchnizomai, which means to "to feel great compassion." It is a New Testament word. It is from -splanchnon which means one's insides, inner organs, which were seen as the seat of feelings among the Greeks, the "chest" the higher feelings and the belly the lower. It is also is related to -splanchneuô, which means eating the inner organs of a sacrifice or prophesying from those inner.s organs. -  -  The Greek term that KJV translates as "I have compassion" is only used in the New Testament and only three times in Jesus's words. It doesn't exist elsewhere in Greek literature.  It is based on the general Greek term for the inner organs. It is connected to the idea that the inner organs are the seat of human feelings (something supported by recent research into the brain). The English terms "eating one's heart out" and having "gut feelings" or having one's "insides ache" carry a similar sensibility. There is also a religious side that has no parallel in English because the term is also linguistically related to the idea of eating the inner organs of an altar sacrifice.

σποδῷ [2 verses](noun sg fem dat ) "Ashes" is spodos, which means "wood ashes" and, more generally, "dust." It was rubbed on sackcloth as a sign of mourning.  - "Ashes" is a word that means "wood ashes" and, more generally, "dust." It was rubbed on sackcloth as a sign of mourning. this is not a common term for Christ to use. 

σπόρον [4 verses](noun sg masc acc) "Seed" is sporos, which means "sowing", "seed-time", "seed", "harvest", "crop", and "offspring".   - The word "seed" means "seed," "sowing," "harvest," and "crop".  It is Jesus's symbol for the beginning or kernel of knowledge.

στάχυν, [1 verse]( noun sg masc acc ) "Ear" is from stachus, which means "scion", "progeny", "part of the crop that is reaped," and "the head of the grain." -- This is another uncommon word that means "the cropped reaped," "scion", "progeny", "part of the crop that is reaped," and "the head of the grain." It began being translated as "ear of corn," in the English translations of the Bible.