παρρησίᾳ [2 verses] (adv)  "Plainly" is parresia, which means "outspokenness", "frankness," and "freedom of speech." It is from the prefix pa-, meaning "everything" and the root, rheo, meaing to "flow" or "utter." -- The word translated as "plainly" is not an adverb but a noun meaning "outspokeness" and "freedom of speech." It literally means "everything said" or "everything gushing" with a sense of flowing language or ideas.

παρθένοις, [3 verses] (noun pl fem dat) "Virgins" is from parthenos, which means a "maiden," "girl," "virgin," "unmarried woman who isn't a virgin," "unmarried man," and as an adjective, meaning "maiden," and "chaste."  - The Greek word translated as "virgins means a "maiden" but today we would say "teenager." Here it is specifically "teenage girls." The term relates more to age than sexual experience since it can describe a young woman who is not a virgin. This term is only used in the parable of the ten teenagers invited to a party.

πᾶς [212 verses](adj sg masc nom) "All" is pas, which means, in the singular,  "all" in the sense of "the whole," or "completely" and "anything." In the plural, it means "all" in the sense of an entire group, used with superlatives, "all the bravest," and to describe all of what something is composed of. It means "every" and less frequently, "any." With numerals, it marks the exact number. The dative, plural, masculine has a special usage meaning "in the judgement of all." In the feminine, plural, dative, "unanimously." The plural neuter means "all things" and "everything." Neuter singular means "the whole." With an article in the neuter, it means "the universe."  With prepositions: ἐς τὸ πᾶν altogether, ἐν παντὶ εἶναι, ἐν παντὶ κακοῦ εἶναι, to be in great danger or fear, ἐν παντὶ εἶναι μή; ἐπὶ πᾶσιν in all things; περὶ παντὸς above all, διὰ παντός  for ever, continually, μέχρι παντός for ever.-- The word translated as "all" is the Greek adjective meaning "all," "the whole," "every," and similar ideas. It has different meanings in different forms. See Greek for details. 

πάσχα [6 verses](irreg sg neut nom") The feast of passover" is from pascha, which means the "paschal feast."  - "Passover" is the Greek word that means the "paschal feast."  It has an article before it, so "the passover". This is what is hungered for or desired.

πάσχειν [8 verses](verb pres inf act) "Suffer" is pascho, which means "to have something happen to one," "to go through," "to have done to one," "to be treated so," and "to come to be in a state." The noun form means "to be passive" but as an adjective, "suffering."  -- (CW) "Suffer" is from a verb that means "to have done to one," "to be treated so," "to go through," "to pass, and "to come to be in a state." It can be used to describe both good and bad things happening to one. It can be translated as "pass through" as well, because it is the verb form of the noun translated as "the fast of Passover." When it a body part is the subject the sense is "to suffer"  that or "to be ill" in that part. Our word "undergo" captures this idea better. This translation is more specific than the word's meaning. CW --Confusing Word -- "Suffer's" translation is more specific than the word's more general meaning

“Πατάξω [2 verses](verb 1st sg fut ind act) "I will smite" is from patasso, which means "to beat", "to knock", "to strike," "smite", "slaughter", and "to afflict." In the Septuagint, this is a second-person command. -- The "smite" is translated from a Greek word that "to beat", "to knock", "to strike," "smite", "slaughter", and "to afflict." In the OT version, it is a command but the command is given by the Lord to his sword.

“πατεῖν [2 verses](verb pres inf act) "To tread" is from pateo, which means to "tread", "walk", "dwell in", "frequent", "tread under foot", and "trample on".  -The Greek verb translated as "to tread" is an uncommon one that means to "tread", "walk", "dwell in", "frequent", "tread under foot", and "trample on". It is in the form "to trample". Since it is preceded by an article, the sense is "the one to trample" describing an ability. 

πατὴρ [191 verses](noun sg masc nom) "Father" is pater, which means "father," "grandfather," "author," "parent," and "forefathers." -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers." It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.

πατρίδι [3 verses](noun sg fem dat) "Country" is from patris, which means "of one's father's" and "ones fatherland," and "country." -- The Greek word translated as "country" is a noun that means "of your fathers" so "fatherland." 

πῆχυν [2 verses] (noun sg masc acc )"Cubit" is from pechys, "which means "forearm", "arm", "the centerpiece joining the two horns of the bow", "horns of the lyre", "crosspiece or bridge of a horn", "balance beam," and "distance from the point of the elbow to that of the middle finger," which was a little of 20 inches. -- The word translated as "cubit" means "forearm," which is the measure of length used in a cubit, which is 1 1/2 ft., 18 inches. So we have a conflict here between a measure of length, 18 inches, being added or applied to a measure of age. This is why some Bibles translate this phrase as adding inches to a height, others adding time to our lives.

πήγανον [1 verse](noun sg neut acc) "Rue" is peganon, which means "rue", the herb ruta graveolens, which was also a metaphor for "the beginning of things" because it was planted at the border of gardens.  - -"Rue" is a noun that means "rue", the herb ruta graveolens, which was also a metaphor for "the beginning of things" because it was planted at the border of gardens. It is used by Jesus uniquely here. 

ἐπείνασεν [9 verses] (verb 3rd sg aor ind act ) "Was an hungered" is peinao, which means "to be hungry," "crave after," or "to be starved," and it is a metaphor for desire and cravings.  - "Hungered" is from a Greek verb that means "to be hungry" or "to be starved," and it is a metaphor for desire and cravings.

ἐπείνασεν [9  verses](3rd sg aor ind act ) "Was an hungered" is peino, which means "to be hungry", "crave after," or "to be starved," and it is a metaphor for desire and cravings.--The word for "hunger" is the verb for "to hunger" as in needing food and, like the English word, it is a metaphor for any craving. However, unlike the English verb, this Greek verb is transitive like our "crave."

πειρασμοῦ [8 verses](noun sg masc gen) "Temptation" is peirasmos, which means a "trial", "worry," and only by extension "temptation." It does not mean "testing." This word only appears in the Bible and in Christian writings after. In the Septuagint Greek Old Testament, where this word first occurs, it is from the Hebrew massâ (מַסָּה), which means "despair," "testing," "proving," and "trial."--- (CW)  The Greek word translated as "temptation" means a "despair," "testing," proving," and "trial" (but not a court trial, which is a different word. This word is first used in the Greek Old Testament and its meaning comes from the source Hebrew word. "Temptation" does not capture the word's specific meaning.. CW --Confusing Word -- "Temptation" does not capture the word's specific meaning.

πειράζετε, [7 verses](2nd pl pres ind act) "Tempt" is peirazo, which means to "make proof or trial of," "attempt" to do, "to attempt," "to try," "to test," and, in a bad sense, "to seek to seduce," and "to tempt."  - The word translated as "tempting" primarily means "testing." That meaning works better here. The KJV translators prefer the "tempting" translation where ever this word is used.

ἐπεποίθει, [2 verses](verb 3rd sg plup ind act) is from  peitho, which means "persuade", "obey", "prevail upon", "talk over", "mislead," and "tempt (with food), "believed", "trusted", and "relied upon".  - - The  uncommon verb translated as "he trusted" means "persuade", "obey", "prevail upon", "talk over", "mislead," and "tempt (with food), "believed", "trusted", and "relied upon".  The subject is clearly the conquered man.  which means "persuade", "obey", "prevail upon", "talk over", "mislead," and "tempt (with food), "believed", "trusted", and "relied upon".  - - The  uncommon verb translated as "he trusted" means "persuade", "obey", "prevail upon", "talk over", "mislead," and "tempt (with food), "believed", "trusted", and "relied upon".  The subject is clearly the conquered man. 

πέμψαντά [39 verses](part sg aor act masc acc) "Sent" is pempo, which means "send," "send forth," "send away," "conduct," and "escort." -- "Sent" is from a Greek verb that means "send," "send forth," "send away," "conduct," and "escort." This is the second most common word Jesus uses that is translated as "send out," but this one doesn't have the prefix that has the sense of "out."

[2 verses](adj pl masc gen) "Of the four thousand" is tetrakischilioi, meaning "four thousand." -- This Greek word means four thousand.

πεντακόσια, [1 verse](adj pl neut acc) "Five hundred" is from pentakosioi, which means "five hundred".- The word translated as "five hundred" means "five hundred". 

πέντε [12 verses](numeral) "Five" is from pente, the number five."Five" is pente, the number five. -- This is the Greek word for the number five

 πεντήκοντα. [3 verses] (numeral indeclform) "Fifty" is from pentekonta, which means "fifty".  -- "Fifty" is the Greek nemeral fifty. 

πενθεῖν [3 verses](pres inf act) "Mourn" is pentheo, which means "to bewail," "to mourn," "to go into mourning," and "to lament."  - "Mourn" is a Greek word that means "to bewail," "to mourn," "to go mourning" and "to lament." It is the same word used for "mourn" in the Beatitudes (Matthew 5:4).

πενθερὰ  [2 verses](noun sg fem nom)  "Mother-in-law" is from penthera, which means "mother-in-law."-The word "mother-in-law" means "mother-in-law" as the female form of the word for "father-in-law."

πήραν [5 verses](noun sg fem acc) "Bag" is from pera, which means a "leather pouch to carry food," "a bag for traveling," or "a wallet."-- "Scrip" is translated from a Greek word specifically meaning a leather pouch to carry food or provisions for traveling. We might call this a knapsack.

πέραν  [2 verses](adv) "The other side" is from the adverb, peran, which means "beyond,"  'further," of time "longer," and a metaphor for "beyond measure," and "on the other side," and "across," especially when referring to water.-  This adverb means which means "beyond," "further,"  of time "longer," and a metaphor for "beyond measure." However, it is used to mean "on the other side," and "across," especially when referring to water. This an adverb that is used only twice by Jesus.

περὶ [73 verses](prep)  "Of" is peri, which means "round about (Place)," "around," "about," "concerning," "on account of," "in regard to," "before," "above," "beyond," and "all around." With the genitive, "round about" of place, "for" or "about" something," with verbs of knowing, "about" and "concerning," "before or "beyond," of superiority With the dative, "round about" of clothes, "around" in holding, "for" or "about" a struggle, "on account of" and "by reason of" a cause. With the accusative, "around" in movement, caring and generally of relationships "about,"  "about" of time. As an adverb "around," "about," also, "near, by," and "exceedingly" in relationships. - (CW) The Greek word translated as "of" means "around" when referring to a place, but in referring to a subject, it means "about," "concerning," "on account of," and "in regard to." This is the way Jesus usually uses it. It is not the word form usually translated as "of." CW --Confusing Word -- The "of" does not capture the word's specific meaning.

περιάγετε [1 verse] (verb 2nd pl pres ind act) "Ye compass" is periago, which means "to lead around," "to lead about with oneself," "carry about for sale," "to go about," "to walk about," turn round," "turn about," "pass round," "protract," "bring round to," "around" a period, "cause to revolve," and in the passive, "to rotate."

περιβαλώμεθα; [7 verses] (1st pl aor subj mid) "Was arrayed" is periballo, which means "to throw around", "to put on", "to encompass", "to surround", "to bring under one's power", "amplify", "expand", "appropriate mentally", "comprehend", "to excel", "to surpass", "throw beyond," and "beat in throwing." In the passive, it means "to have put around oneself." "to be involved in," and "to have come into possession of one." - The word translated as "shall we be clothed" means "to throw around" or "to expand" or "excel." The best translation is "wrapped" because Jesus doesn't always use this verb se to refer to refer to clothing. See this article about a related word.

περιεστῶτα [1 verse](part pl perf act neut acc) "Stand by" is from periistemi which means "to place round", "to bring round", "to place round oneself", "to stand round about" [in the passive], "to encircle", "to surround", "to come round", "to revolve", "to reverse", "to go around so as to avoid", "to shun", "to turn out [especially for the worse]", "t sneak around," and "to circumvent."

περίκειται   [2 verses]( verb 3rd sg pres ind mp ) "Were hanged" is from perikeimai, which means "to lie around", "have round one," and "wear." It metaphorically means to have no advantage. -- "Hanged" is another uncommon word that means "to lie around", "have round one," and "wear." It metaphorically means to have no advantage.It is used by Jesus  only in this verse and its parallel in Luke.

Περίλυπός [2 verses] (adj sg masc nom) "Exceedingly sorrowful" is from perilypos, which means "very sad", and "deeply grieved."  - "Exceedingly sorrowful" is a word that means "very sad", and "deeply grieved."  Jesus only used it twice, Matthew 26:38 and in the parallel in Mark 14:34. However, it should be noted that Christ uses another Greek word meaning "the heart" to refer to the human seat of emotions, which is also discussed in the article above. The sense here is that Christ is using this term to describe his life in this word, so "so sad" or "pathetic" might work. This phrase might be more humorous and self-deprecating than it appears. However, it is also an accurate description of the remainder of his life.

περιπατοῦσιν, [13 verses](3rd pl pres ind act) "Walk" is peripateo, which means "to walk up and down," "to walk about," and "to walk about while teaching." -- "Walk" is a Greek verb that means "to walk up and down," "to walk about," and "to walk about while teaching." Jesus uses it somewhat humorously in the sense that we use "pace" or "parade."

περιποιήσασθαι [1 verse]( verb aor inf mid ) "To save" is peripoieō, which means to "cause to remain over and above", "keep safe", "preserve",  of money, food, etc., "save up", "lay by", generally, "procure", "secure", "achieve", and "lay up". -- "To save" is  a unique word for Jesus,  which means to "cause to remain over and above", "keep safe", "preserve",  of money, food, etc., "save up", "lay-by", generally, "procure", "secure", "achieve", and "lay up". In comparing it to the other verb used, the main difference is the idea of "saving up".

περισσεύματος [2 verses](noun sg neut gen) "Abundance" is perisseuma, which means "superfluidity," "that which remains over," and "abundance." It is from the root, perissos , which means "exceeding some measure or rank."  - "Abundance" is an adjective used as a noun which means "superfluidity," "that which remains over," and "abundant."

περισσευθήσεται: [8 verses](verb 3rd sg fut ind pass) "Have enough and spare" is perisseuo which means "to be over and above," "to go beyond," "to abound in," "to be superior," and, in a negative sense, "to be superfluous." -- The verb translated as "shall exceed" also means to "to go beyond" or "to surpass."

περισσὸν [3 verses](adj sg neut nom/acc) "Whatever is more" is perissos, which means "beyond the regular number of size," "out of the common," "extraordinary" "more than sufficient," "superfluous," "useless," "excessive," "extravagant," "over-wise," "over-curious," "abundantly," and "remarkable."  - -- The Greek adjective  translated as "more" means "beyond the regular number of size," "out of the common," "extraordinary" "more than sufficient," and "superfluous." Since it is preceded by an article, it acts like a noun, so "the superfluous," "the excess," and "the useless" works in English.

περισσότερον [7 verses](adj sg masc acc comp) "More than" is perissoteros, which means, as an adjective, "beyond the regular number or size," "prodigious,'" "out of the common," "extraordinary," "strange," "more than sufficient," "superfluous," "useless," "excessive," " extravagant," of persons, "over-wise," "over-curious," as a term of praise, "subtle," "acute," "an odd, uneven number," as an adverb "extraordinarily," "exceedingly," "remarkably," "in an uncommon manner," "abundantly," "superfluously," and "uselessly."  - "More" is a Greek adjective  that means "more than" when applied to quantities, but has a variety of meanings, both positive and negative, when applied to people, from "extraordinary" and "remarkable" to "excessive." Its form connects it to the first prophet in this sentence.

() "Doves" is from, peristera, which means "common pigeon" or "dove." -- The Greek word for "doves" means either "doves" or "pigeons." Doves were a form of sacrifice required in Leviticus and used at the temple, so it becomes a symbol for purity.

περιτέμνετε [1 verse](2nd pl pres ind act) "Circumcise" is from peritemno, which means "to cut or clip round about", "to cut up", "to circumcise," and "to cut off and hem in all around." This is the verb form of the earlier verse. 

περιέθηκεν [2 verses](verb 3rd sg aor ind act) "It round about" is peritithemi, which means to "place," "put round," "put on," "put round oneself," and metaph., "bestow," and "confer upon."  - "It round about" is a verb that means to "place," "put round," "put on," "put round oneself," and metaph., "bestow," and "confer upon."

περιτομήν, [2 verses](noun sg fem acc) "Circumcision" is from peritome, which means a "circular incisions", "circumcision," and "section" [of a machine]. -- The word translated as "circumcision" means literally "cut around,"  meaning "circular incisions", and "circumcision."

περιεζωσμέναι [3 verses](part pl perf mp fem nom) "Girded" is perizōnnymi, which means "to gird round oneself", "to gird oneself with" and "to put on a defence." -- - The Greek verb translated as "gird"  means "to gird around ", that is to say, "brace around".  It also means "to put on a defense" so "to fortify." 

πετεινὰ [13 verses](adj pl neut acc) "Birds" is peteinon, which as an adjective means "able to fly," "full-fledged," and "winged," and, as a noun, "winged fowl," and "a bird." There was clearly a conscious choice here not to use the Greek word for bird, which is ornis, or, in the diminutive, ornithion. All the English words referring to birds coming from Greek begin with this "ornith" prefix, including ornithology, the study of birds. - The Greek word translated as "birds" is normally an adjective means "able to fly" and "winged," but it is used as a noun here, so "winged-ones" or, more simply, "birds." Jesus always uses this word to refer to birds generally, not the one of the more common normal Greek words that means "bird," but those other words are not used in the Septuagint.

πέτραν [8 verses] (noun sg fem acc) "Rock" is from petra, which means "rock," "boulder," and "stone" as a building material. It has the specific meaning of "rocky cliffs" or "ledges" over the sea and a "rocky peak" or "ridge."  -- "Rock" is a noun that means "rock," "boulder," and "stone" as a building material. It has the specific meaning of "rocky cliffs" or "ledges" over the sea and a "rocky peak" or "ridge."

πετρώδη [4 verses](adj pl neut acc) "Stony places" is from petrôdês, which is an adjective meaning "like rock" ""rocky," and "stony."  - Stony places" is from an adjective that means "rocklike" and "stony." It is used as a noun, being introduced by an article ("the"), so "the stoniness" or "the rockiness." The metaphor here is a hardness of mind.

Πέτρῳ [3 verses] (noun, sg, masc, voc) "Peter" is petros, which is the masculine form of a female noun (petra) that means "rock," "boulder," and "stone" as a building material. - This word is more like our name "Rocky" than it is the word for "rock." Rocky is masculine, the noun referring to a rock feminine.

φάγητε [20 verses](2nd pl aor subj act) "Eat" is phago which is a form of the word, phagein, which means to eat," "to eat up," and "to devour." -- The word translated as "eat" is one of the two common words used to mean "eat. "It means "to eat," "to eat up," and "to devour." It also means to "fret" as we say "to eat up."

φάγος [2 verses](noun sg masc nom) "Glutton" is phagos, which simply means "a glutton."  - The Greek word translated as "gluttonous" is a noun that means "glutton." Jesus only uses this word only twice, here and in the parallel in Luke. It is from the common verb that means "eat."

φανῶσιν [10 verses](3rd pl aor subj pass) "They...be seen" is phaino , which means "to shine," "to give light," and "to appear." In its transitive form, not used here, it means "bring to light." The active form means "to make shine" while the passive, used here, means "appear to shine." --  -  The Greek verb translated as "shining" primarily means "to make shine," "to cause to give light" or, in the passive, means "appear to shine," "to be shining" or "to be giving light." \-- (WW) The Greek word translated as "may be seen" is not a verb normally translated as "to see." The image is of actors wanting to shine among men. This is still a pretty good description of what actors want.

φανερωθῇ [4 verses] (3rd sg aor subj pass) "Should be made manifest" is phaneroo, which means "make manifest", "reveal", "make clear", "make known," and "make famous." - --The verb translated as "made manifest" means "make clear" and "make famous."