For --The word translated as "for" introduces a reason or explanation so "because" and, in questions, "why." "For" is better because another common word is also used for "because."

missing "the/this"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.

life -- (CW) The word translated here as "soul" is psyche, a common word in Greek, familiar in English, translated commonly as "life," "soul," "consciousness," and "a sense of self." It is used for different aspects of "self," the emotional self, the conscious self, the intellectual self.  Jesus uses it to mean our identity in our worldly life specifically, the role we play on earth, what we might call the "self," "ego," or our "the person we are."   The problem with translating it as "life" is that another common Greek word means "life." The problem with "soul" is that it doesn't work for many verses because the "soul" is separate from the body. Though the word can mean a departed spirit, most of the word's meanings revolve around "self." "Soul" can also be confused with the concept of "spirit" which is another Greek word.   When "self" doesn't work, "person" offers the least confusion. See this article for detail about this word.

is -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics.  The word also means "to exist" and where it doesn't connect to characteristics or conditions.

more -- The Greek word translated as "more than" is an adjective that means "more" in many different senses of the word.  Used as a noun, it means "a majority."

than -- This word "than"  comes from the possessive form (genitive case) of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English, the most common is the "of" of possession. However, it can also mean "belonging to," "part of," "which is," "than" (in comparisons), or  "for," "concerning" or "about" with transitive verbs. Here, it is the "than."

missing "the/this"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.

food, -- (CW) The word translated as "food" means "nourishment," "nurture," and "education." This is not one of the common words usually translated as "meat."

and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."

the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

body -- -- The Greek word translated as "body" means a physical body, either living or dead. It also refers to the "whole" of ourselves (see this article).

more --- There is no Greek for this word but it can be assumed from the context of the previous clause, and the similar forms of the surrounding words.

 than -- This word "than"  comes from the possessive form (genitive case) of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English, the most common is the "of" of possession. However, it can also mean "belonging to," "part of," "which is," "than" (in comparisons), or  "for," "concerning" or "about" with transitive verbs. Here, it is the "than."

missing "the/this"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.

clothes. -- The word translated as "clothes" means "clothing" or "covering."  It is from the same root as the verb commonly translated as "put on" when referring to clothing.