The topic is judging what is right by ourselves.
Luke 12:58 As you are going with your adversary to the magistrate, try hard to be reconciled on the way, or your adversary may drag you off to the judge, and the judge turn you over to the officer, and the officer throw you into prison.
Because as you depart with that opponent of yours to an official, on the way give a trade to have yourself rid of him. Not when he might haul you before the judge and the judge will hand you over to the punisher, and the punisher will toss you into a prison.
This verse stands out from the surrounding verses because it is addressed to a single individual. The word at the beginning indicating that it is an answer to a question is not translated. The second part sounds like a contradiction to something said because of its beginning, which is not translated. Jesus uses unusual words for a humorous effect. Here, there are four Jesus uses nowhere else. The word translated as "diligence" (KJV) and "reconciled" (NIV) means a "trade." The word translated as "delivered" (KJV) and left out of the NIV means "to have rid yourself". Another is translated as "hale (haul)" (KJV) and "drag," referring being brought to court. And finally, we have "officer," which means the "punisher" who "tosses" you into jail.
It is better to resolved differences person-to-person rather than get entangled in the court system.
ὡς γὰρ ὑπάγεις μετὰ τοῦ ἀντιδίκου σου ἐπ ἄρχοντα, ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ δὸς ἐργασίαν
as Because you depart with that opponent of yours to an official, on the way give a trade
ἀπηλλάχθαι [ἀπ᾽] αὐτοῦ, μή ποτε κατασύρῃ σε πρὸς τὸν κριτήν,
to have yourself rid of him. Not when he might haul you before the judge
καὶ ὁ κριτής σε παραδώσει τῷ πράκτορι, καὶ ὁ πράκτωρ σε βαλεῖ εἰς φυλακήν.
and the judge you will hand over to the punisher, and the punisher you will toss into a prison.
(MWfor) When thou goest(CW) with thine (MWthe) adversary to the magistrate, [as thou art(IP)] in the way, give diligence that(IW) thou mayest be delivered from him; lest(CW,WP) (MWwhen) he hale thee to the judge, and the judge (MWwill) deliver thee to the officer, and the officer (MWwill) cast thee into prison.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "for" before "when" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "go" does not capture the word's specific meaning of "go away" or "depart."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "adversary " is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "magistrate" doesn't exist in the source.
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The "as thou art " doesn't exist in the source. This is counted as 2 translation issues, not 1.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "that" doesn't exist in the source.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "may" should be something more like "have."
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "lest" does not capture the word's meaning here.
- WP -- Wrongly Placed -- The "not (lest)" doesn't belong here but before "when."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "when" after "lest" is not shown in the English translation.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek missing word "will" before "deliver" is needed to show the future tense in the source we use today.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek missing word "will" before "cast" is needed to show the future tense in the source we use today.
(MWfor) As you are going(CW) with your (MWthe) adversary to the magistrate, [try hard to (IP-3)] be(WV) reconciled(WW) (MWtrade) on the way [to rid yourself of him(MP-3), or(WW) (MWwhen) [your adversary(IP2)] may drag you off to the judge, and the judge turn(WT) you over to the officer, and the officer throw(WT) you into prison.
(MWfor) When thou goest(CW) with thine (MWthe) adversary to the magistrate, [as thou art(IP)] in the way, give diligence that(IW) thou mayest be delivered from him; lest(CW,WP) (MWwhen) he hale thee to the judge, and the judge (MWwill) deliver thee to the officer, and the officer (MWwill) cast thee into prison.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "for" before "when" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "go" does not capture the word's specific meaning of "go away" or "depart."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "adversary " is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "magistrate" doesn't exist in the source.
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The " try hard to" doesn't exist in the source. This is counted as 3 translation issues, not 1.
- WV --Wrong Voice - The verb is not passive but active.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "reconciled" should be something more like "give."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "trade" after "reconciled (give)" is not shown in the English translation.
- MP - Missing Phrase - The phrase "to have rid yourself of him" exists in the source. This is counted as 3 translation issues, not 1.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "or" should be something more like "not."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "when" after "lest" is not shown in the English translation.
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The "your adversary" doesn't exist in the source. This is counted as 2 translation issues, not 1.
- WT -- Wrong Tense -- This verb is the future tense, which requires a "will" before the "turn."
- WT -- Wrong Tense -- This verb is the future tense, which requires a "will" before the "thow."
When -- The word translated as "when" has a very broad meaning, translated as "as," "when" "where," "just as," "like," and related words. It means "when," in the sense of "as," during an act, but with past, indicative tenses the temporal "when" at a time. It means "how" only in an exclamation with and adjective or adverb like "how wonderful." It means "how" in questions and exclamations with an adjective or adverb like "how wonderful. It is not "how" in a statement.
missing "for" -- (MW) The untranslated word "for" introduces a reason or explanation so "because" and, in questions, "why." "For" is better because another common word is also used for "because."
thou -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.
goest -- (CW) "Go" is a Greek verb that means literally "go over" or "bring under." In referring to courts, like it does here, the specific sense is "bring under judgment." With the following
with -- "With" is the Greek word that usually means "with" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of." It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit.
thine -- The "thine" here is the singular, possessive (genitive) form the second-person pronoun, "yours." When it follows the noun, "of yours."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
adversary -- The word translated as "adversary" primarily means an opponent in a lawsuit, but it can be used to mean opponents in general.
to -The word translated as "to" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of." Here, the sense is "before." This is not the word usually translated as "to."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
magistrate, - "Magistrate" is from the Greek word that means "leader," "ruler," and "magistrate." It is the participle meaning "being the first" and "making a beginning." Some forms of this word is the same as the plural of a slightly different Greek word, which means "leaders" and also "assholes."
as thou art -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as this phrase in the Greek source.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in," "on," "within," "with" (an instrument), "by" (near), "by" (means of), "during" (time), or "among" with an indirect-object form object. About time, it means "during the time," "in the time," "within," and "in." With the direct object form, it means "into," "on," and "for." When referring to time, it means "during." It can mean "on," "at," or "by" in the sense of "near."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
way, - "Way" is from a word meaning "the way" or "the road" but which is used symbolically to mean "a way of doing things" or "a philosophy of life." In Acts, followers of Jesus are described as those "belonging to the way."
give -- The verb translated as "give" means "to give," "to grant," "to hand over," "appoint," "establish," and "to describe." It is almost always translated as some form of "give."
diligence --The word here translated as "diligence" and means "work", "business", "working at", "making", "function", "manufacture", "working", "trade", "practicing", and "guild". In English, we say "given an effort" to express the same idea. This is the only time Jesus uses this word. The word is a more complicated word than the usual "work", which gives it a humorous feel.
that -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
thou -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.
mayest (WW) This word form doesn't need "may" but a "have" to sow the past perfect tense.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English. It could also be the middle voice, "deliver yourself."
delivered -- The word is translated as "that thou may be delivered" means "wish to be delivered from", and "wish to get rid of". However, the form also has the subject acting on himself so "to have rid yourself". Again, the sense is again somewhat humorous. This is not an active verb but an infinitive. WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but an infinitive, "to have been delivered."
from --- The word translated as "from" means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from." It is not the word form usually translated as "of." Referring to time, it means "from," and "after."
him; -- The word translated as "his" is the Greek word correctly translated as third-person "his/him" in English.
lest - - (CW,WP) The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, verbs of possibility, and requests. It applies to will, feeling, and thought. When a negative precedes the verb, it affects the whole clause. When it precedes other words, its force is limited to those words. Here, it negates "when." The "no" doesn't belong here but before "when."
missing "when" -- (MW) The untranslated word "when" is from an adverb meaning "when," "at what time," "at some time or other," "at some unknown time, and "at some time in the future." With the subjective negative before it, the sense is "not when."
he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.
hale . -- The word translated as "hale" means "draw", "pull down", "drag", "carry off", "sweep away", "drag out", "draw down", and "launch". It is an old English spelling of "haul." In English, when referring to being taken before a court, we would use "haul" or "drag". This word has a humorous feel to it.
thee -- The "you" here is the singular, direct object form the second-person pronoun. It is the object of either the action of the verb or a preposition.
to -- The word translated as "to" has a meaning that depends on the form of it object and its verb types. Generally, it means "towards," "by reason of," "before" both in time and place, "in the presence of," "against," and several other types of "before."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
judge, - - The word "judges" means "judge" or "interpreter" and it is the noun form of the word meaning "to decide" or "to separate."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
judge, - - The word "judges" means "judge" or "interpreter" and it is the noun form of the word meaning "to decide" or "to separate."
missing "will" -- (OS) The untranslated word "will," is needed to show the future tense of the verb in today's source.
deliver -- "Deliver" is a compound word that literally means "to give over." It is often translated in the KJV as "betray" but it has no historical sense of denouncing someone, though it may have acquired that sense from the Gospels. . Its meaning is the idea of transmitting, and handing over. It can even be used in a positive sense, such as "bestowing" a gift. Though in
thee -- The "you" here is the singular, direct object form the second-person pronoun. It is the object of either the action of the verb or a preposition.
to -- The word translated as "to" has a meaning that depends on the form of it object and its verb types. Generally, it means "towards," "by reason of," "before" both in time and place, "in the presence of," "against," and several other types of "before."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
officer, -- The word here is "officer" which means "accomplisher", "one who does", "an official who executes a judgment for debt", "bailiff", "collector" (of taxes), "one who exacts punishment", and "avenger". This is a very specific term. Jesus only uses this word here.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
officer, -- The word here is "officer" which means "accomplisher", "one who does", "an official who executes a judgment for debt", "bailiff", "collector" (of taxes), "one who exacts punishment", and "avenger". This is a very specific term. Jesus only uses this word here.
missing "will" -- (OS) The untranslated word "will," is needed to show the future tense of the verb in today's source.
cast -- The word translated as "cast" has a number of meanings revolving around "throw" as we do in English with both "throw" and "toss." Jesus often uses this word in the same way we use "dump" in English. It is a word that he frequently uses in a light-hearted way. In dice, it means "to throw" the dice, but with the sense of being lucky. See this article about a related word.
thee -- The "you" here is the singular, direct object form the second-person pronoun. It is the object of either the action of the verb or a preposition.
into " -- The word translated as "into" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in" (a position), "as much as (of measure or limit)," "in regards to" a subject, "up to" limits in measures, "until" in reference to time, "within" a time limit, and "for" a purpose or object. Used with the Greek "from" it means "from...to."
prison. - "Prison" is from a noun, that means a "watch," "watcher," "guard," "chain," "keeper," and "a place where people are watched." This form is found only in the NT where it is clearly used to mean prison.
As -- The word translated as "as" has a very broad meaning, translated as "as," "when" "where," "just as," "like," and related words. It means "when," in the sense of "as," during an act, but with past, indicative tenses the temporal "when" at a time. It means "how" only in an exclamation with and adjective or adverb like "how wonderful." It means "how" in questions and exclamations with an adjective or adverb like "how wonderful. It is not "how" in a statement.
missing "for" -- (MW) The untranslated word "for" introduces a reason or explanation so "because" and, in questions, "why." "For" is better because another common word is also used for "because."
you -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.
are -- This helping verb indicates the present tense of the verb. It is used here to form the present, progressive tense, which doesn't exist in Greek but which can smooth the flow of English sentences.
going -- (CW) "Go" is a Greek verb that means literally "go over" or "bring under." In referring to courts, like it does here, the specific sense is "bring under judgment." With the following
with -- "With" is the Greek word that usually means "with" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of." It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit.
your -- The "you" here is the singular, possessive (genitive) form the second-person pronoun, "yours." When it follows the noun, "of yours."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
adversary -- The word translated as "adversary" primarily means an opponent in a lawsuit, but it can be used to mean opponents in general.
to -The word translated as "to" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of." Here, the sense is "before." This is not the word usually translated as "to."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
magistrate, - "Magistrate" is from the Greek word that means "leader," "ruler," and "magistrate." It is the participle meaning "being the first" and "making a beginning." Some forms of this word is the same as the plural of a slightly different Greek word, which means "leaders" and also "assholes."
try hard to -- There is nothing that can be translated as this phrase in the Greek source.
be -- (WV) This helping verb "be" seems to indicate that the verb is passive but it isn't. It is a verb form that indicates the subject is acting on itself.
reconciled -- (WW) The verb translated as "give" means "to give," "to grant," "to hand over," "appoint," "establish," and "to describe." It is almost always translated as some form of "give." This word doesn't mean "reconciled."
missing "trade" -- (MW) The untranslated word "trade" and means "work", "business", "working at", "making", "function", "manufacture", "working", "trade", "practicing", and "guild". In English, we say "given an effort" to express the same idea. This is the only time Jesus uses this word. The word is a more complicated word than the usual "work", which gives it a humorous feel.
on -- The word translated as "in" means "in," "on," "within," "with" (an instrument), "by" (near), "by" (means of), "during" (time), or "among" with an indirect-object form object. About time, it means "during the time," "in the time," "within," and "in." With the direct object form, it means "into," "on," and "for." When referring to time, it means "during." It can mean "on," "at," or "by" in the sense of "near."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
way, - "Way" is from a word meaning "the way" or "the road" but which is used symbolically to mean "a way of doing things" or "a philosophy of life." In Acts, followers of Jesus are described as those "belonging to the way."
missing "to have rid yourself of him" -- -- (MP) The words here aren't translated.
or - - (WW) The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, verbs of possibility, and requests. It applies to will, feeling, and thought. When a negative precedes the verb, it affects the whole clause. When it precedes other words, its force is limited to those words. Here, it negates "when."
missing "when" -- (MW) The untranslated word "when" is from an adverb meaning "when," "at what time," "at some time or other," "at some unknown time, and "at some time in the future." With the subjective negative before it, the sense is "not when."
your adversary -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as this phrase in the Greek source.
he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.
may -- This helping verb "may" indicates that the verb indicates a possibility, the subjunctive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
drag -- The word translated as "drag" means "draw", "haul," "pull down", "drag", "carry off", "sweep away", "drag out", "draw down", and "launch". It is an old English spelling of "haul." In English, when referring to being taken before a court, we would use "haul" or "drag". This word has a humorous feel to it.
you -- The "you" here is the singular, direct object form the second-person pronoun. It is the object of either the action of the verb or a preposition.
off - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix, which means "down."
to -- The word translated as "to" has a meaning that depends on the form of it object and its verb types. Generally, it means "towards," "by reason of," "before" both in time and place, "in the presence of," "against," and several other types of "before."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
judge, - - The word "judges" means "judge" or "interpreter" and it is the noun form of the word meaning "to decide" or "to separate."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
judge, - - The word "judges" means "judge" or "interpreter" and it is the noun form of the word meaning "to decide" or "to separate."
missing "will" -- (WT) The helping vcrb, "will," is needed to show the future tense of the verb.
turn -- "Turn " is a compound word that literally means "to give over." It is often translated in the KJV as "betray" but it has no historical sense of denouncing someone, though it may have acquired that sense from the Gospels. . Its meaning is the idea of transmitting, and handing over. It can even be used in a positive sense, such as "bestowing" a gift. Though in
you -- The "you" here is the singular, direct object form the second-person pronoun. It is the object of either the action of the verb or a preposition.
over - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix/
to -- The word translated as "to" has a meaning that depends on the form of it object and its verb types. Generally, it means "towards," "by reason of," "before" both in time and place, "in the presence of," "against," and several other types of "before."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
officer, -- The word here is "officer" which means "accomplisher", "one who does", "an official who executes a judgment for debt", "bailiff", "collector" (of taxes), "one who exacts punishment", and "avenger". This is a very specific term. Jesus only uses this word here.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
officer, -- The word here is "officer" which means "accomplisher", "one who does", "an official who executes a judgment for debt", "bailiff", "collector" (of taxes), "one who exacts punishment", and "avenger". This is a very specific term. Jesus only uses this word here.
missing "will" -- (WT) The helping vcrb, "will," is needed to show the future tense of the verb.
throw -- The word translated as "cast" has a number of meanings revolving around "throw" as we do in English with both "throw" and "toss." Jesus often uses this word in the same way we use "dump" in English. It is a word that he frequently uses in a light-hearted way. In dice, it means "to throw" the dice, but with the sense of being lucky. See this article about a related word.
thee -- The "you" here is the singular, direct object form the second-person pronoun. It is the object of either the action of the verb or a preposition.
into " -- The word translated as "into" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in" (a position), "as much as (of measure or limit)," "in regards to" a subject, "up to" limits in measures, "until" in reference to time, "within" a time limit, and "for" a purpose or object. Used with the Greek "from" it means "from...to."
prison. - "Prison" is from a noun, that means a "watch," "watcher," "guard," "chain," "keeper," and "a place where people are watched." This form is found only in the NT where it is clearly used to mean prison.
ὡς (167 verses](adv/conj) "When" is hos, an adverb which means to "thus," "as," "when," "where," "like," "just as," "so far as," "as much as can be," "that," "in order that," "nearly (with numbers)," and "know that." It means "how" only in an exclamation with and adjective or adverb like "how wonderful."
γὰρ [205 verses](partic) Untranslated is gar which is the introduction of a clause explaining a reason or explanation: "for," "since," and "as." In an abrupt question, it means "why" and "what."
ὑπάγεις [47 verses] (verb 2nd sg pres ind act) "Thou goest" is hypago, which means "to lead under," "to bring under," "to bring a person before judgment," "to lead on by degrees," "to take away from beneath," "to withdraw," "to go away," "to retire," "to draw off," and "off with you."
μετὰ [103 verses](prep) "With" is meta, which means "with," "in the midst of," "among," "between," "in common," "along with," "by the aid of," "in one's dealings with," "into the middle of," "coming into," "in pursuit of," "after," "behind," "according to," "after," "behind," and "next afterward." With genitive, it means generally, "with," "together with," "in the midst of," "among," "between." "in common," "along with," "by the aid of," and "in conjunction with." With genitive, with pl. Nouns "in the midst of," "among," "between," " in common," "along with", of things, "in conjunction with," rarely of Time, "during ."With dative, "between," "among," "in company with," with a number "complete," and "over and above." generally, "among," "between," with both indirect (dative) and direct (accusative) object. With direct objects: of motion, "into the middle of," "coming into or among," esp. where a number of persons is implied, in pursuit or quest of, of persons, "to go after," "in quest of," of sequence or succession, of Place, "after," "behind," "on the far side of," of Time, "after," "next to," in order of Worth, Rank, etc., "next after," "following," "to be inferior to." As a prefix, it means "of community," "in common with another," "in the midst of," "succession of time," "pursuit," "letting go," "after, behind," and "reversely."
τοῦ [821 verses](article sg masc dat) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." --
ἀντιδίκου [3 verses] (adj sg masc dat) "Adversary" is antidikos, which means "opponent or adversary in a suit", "the defendant [primarily]," "the plaintiff," and, generally, "opponent," and "adversary."
σου [150 verses] (adj sg masc gen) "Thine" is from sou, the possessive (genitive) form of the second-person, singular pronoun. A genitive object means a movement away from something or a position away from something else. The time sense of a genitive object is that the event occurred within a specified time.
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "To" is from epi, which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "across," "for," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of." -
ἄρχοντα, [5 verses](noun sg masc acc) "Magistrate" is archon, which means "leader,""ruler," "commander," "official," and "magistrate." OR (part pl pres act masc nom) The "princes" is from the participle of arche (ἄρχω) meaning "being the first" and "making a beginning." Some forms of this word as the same as those of a slightly different noun, ἀρχός, which means "leaders" and also "assholes."
ἐν [413 verses](prep) "In" is en, which means, with its usual indirect (dative) object, "in," "on," "at," "by," "among," "within," "surrounded by," "in one's hands," "in one's power," "during," and "with." With a direct (accusative) object, it means "into," "on," and "for." Referring to time, it means. "in the course of" or "during."
τῇ [821 verses](article sg fem dat) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
ὁδῷ [27 verses](noun sg fem dat) "The way" is hodos, which means literally "way" or "road" but it also means "travel" and "journey." It is interesting that a term joining a path with philosophy exists in many languages from the west to the east. -
δὸς [147 verses](verb 2nd sg aor imperat act) "Give" is didomi, which means "to give," "to grant," "to hand over," "appoint," "establish," and "to describe."
ἐργασίαν [1 verse](noun sg fem acc) "Diligence" is ergasia, which means "work", "business", "working at", "making", "function", "manufacture", "working", "trade", "practicing", and "guild".
ἀπηλλάχθαι [1 verse](verb perf inf mp) "That thou may be delivered" is apallasso, which means "wish to be delivered from", and "wish to get rid of".
[ἀπ᾽] [190 verses](prep) "From" is apo, a preposition of separation which means "from" or "away from" from when referring to place or motion, "from" or "after" when referring to time, "from" as an origin or cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done. Referring to time, it means "from," and "after." Usually takes the genitive object.
αὐτοῦ [142 verses](adv/adj sg masc gen) "Him" is autou, which means is the singular adjective used as the genitive pronoun, which is used as a possessive form or the object of prepositions and sometimes verbs as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In its adverbial form, this means "just here" or "exactly there." This form is often used as the object of a preposition, him." This form of an object of a preposition means a movement away from something or a position away from something else. The time sense of a genitive object is that the event occurred within a specified time. Though the form is masculine, it refers to masculine words, not people. The masculine form is used to refer to people in general, not just men.-- The word translated as "his" is the Greek word correctly translated as third-person "his/him" in English. The word appears after the noun so the sense is "of his." - In its adverbial form, this means "just here" or "exactly there."
μὴ [447 verses](conj) "Not" is me , which is the negative used in prohibitions and expressions of doubt meaning "not" and "no." The negative, μή, rejects, is relative, and subjective. It is used with verbs of subjective action: thinking, feeling, seeing, etc. It is used in imperative and subjunctive clauses because both express opinions. With pres. or aor. subjunctive, it is used in a warning or statement of fear, "take care." The combination of ἵνα μή means "lest." The combination of ὅτι μή, means "except." Used before tis with an imperative to express a will or wish for something in independent sentences and, with subjunctives, to express prohibitions. It is used with infinitives that express a purpose. When used with verbs of physical action, its sense is that "not wanting" or "thinking" something, not that it isn't done or thought. With these verbs, the sense is rejecting the action, rather than simply not doing it. With the verb "to be," the sense is "doesn't seem." When a negative precedes the verb, it affects the whole clause. When it precedes other words, its force is limited to those words. Used with an imperative to express a will or wish. Used in negative conditional "when/if/whoever" clauses. With "have," the sense is "lacks" or "wants."
πότε [26 verses](adv/conj) "At any time" comes from pote, which means "when," "at what time," "at some time or other," "at some unknown time, and "at some time in the future." With the subjective negative me (μή) before it, the sense is "not when."
κατασύρῃ [1 verse](verb 3rd sg aor subj act) "He hale" is katasyro, which means "draw", "pull down", :drag", "carry off", "sweep away", "drag out", "draw down", and "launch". -- The third unique word is translated as "he hale" and means "draw", "pull down", "drag", "carry off", "sweep away", "drag out", "draw down", and "launch". In English, when referring to being taking before a court, we would use the term "drag". This word too has the same humorous feel to it.
σε [48 verses](pron 2nd sg acc) "Thee" is from se the accusative (direct objective) form of the second-person, singular pronoun. As an object of a preposition, it indicates movement or the result of movement.
πρὸς [92 verses](prep) "Unto" is from pros, which means both "from" (descent, a place)," "on the side of," and "toward." Its meaning depends on the form of its object. An indirect object (dative) implies no movement but in a fixed position. A direct object (accusative ) indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Events may show the amount of time. In statements about time, it means "at," "near," "about," or "for" a future time. With verbs of motion, towards, to, with verbs implying previous motion, upon, against; verbs of addition "to," verbs of seeing "towards," "to face," in hostile sense, "against, " "in accusation," without any hostile "to," of various kinds of intercourse or reciprocal action "with," "at the hands of," "incurred by," "inspired by," "before" a witness, of Time, "towards," or "near," of Relation between two objects "in respect of," "touching," "in reference to," "in consequence of," "for a purpose," "in proportion," "in comparison with," of measurements of time "for," "a little past," of Numbers "up to," "about." A possessive object (genitive) indicates movement away or a position away from something, "from," "towards," "from the presence of." Events occur within a specified time. Examples of indirect object: "hard by," "near," "at," "close," "before one," "in the presence of," with verbs denoting motion towards a place "upon," "against," with a notion of clinging closely "clasped to," to express close engagement "at the point of," to express union or addition "besides," "in addition to."
τὸν [821 verses](article sg masc dat) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
κριτήν [7 verses], (noun sg masc dat) "Judge" is krites, which means "judge," "umpire," and "interpreter."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
κριτής [7 verses], (noun sg masc nom) "Judge" is krites, which means "judge," "umpire," and "interpreter."
σε [48 verses](pron 2nd sg acc) "Thee" is from se the accusative (direct objective) form of the second-person, singular pronoun. As an object of a preposition, it indicates movement or the result of movement.
παραδώσει [43 verses] (verb 3rd sg fut ind act) "Deliver" is paradidomi, which means "to give over to another," "to transmit," "to hand down," "to grant," "to teach," and "to bestow."
τῷ [821 verses](article sg masc dat) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
πράκτορι, [1 verse](noun sg masc dat) "Officer" is praktōr, which means "accomplisher", "one who does", "official who executes a judgment for debt", "bailiff", "collector" (of taxes), "one who exacts punishment", and "avenger".
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as." -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
πράκτωρ [unique](noun sg masc nom) "Officer" is praktōr, which means "accomplisher", "one who does", "official who executes a judgment for debt", "bailiff", "collector" (of taxes), "one who exacts punishment", and "avenger".
σε [48 verses](pron 2nd sg acc) "Thee" is from se the accusative (direct objective) form of the second-person, singular pronoun. As an object of a preposition, it indicates movement or the result of movement.
βαλεῖ [54 verses](verb 3rd sg fut ind act ) "Cast" is ballo, which means "to throw," "to let fall," "to cast," "to put," "to pour," "to place money on deposit," "push forward or in front [of animals]," "to shed," "to place," "to pay,"to throw [of dice,]" "to be lucky," "to fall," "to lay as foundation," "to begin to form," "to dash oneself with water," and "to bathe."
εἰς [325 verses](prep) "Into" is eis, which means "into (of place)," "up to (of time)," "until (of time)," "in" (a position), "as much as (of measure or limit)," "as far as (of measure or limit)," "towards (to express relation)," "in regard to (to express relation)," "of an end or limit," and "for (of purpose or object)."With verbs of speaking, it is the person spoken "to." With time, a limit "until," or a duration "for," "throughout," or a date, "on," "at." Used with ek, it means "from...to.
φυλακὴν [10 verses](noun sg fem acc ) "Prison" is phylake, which means "a watching or guarding," "a guard," "a ward," "a watch," " "a station," "a post," "a keeping," "a preserving," "safekeeping," "a safe-guard," and "a precaution."
"In the way" has a double meaning here. It means both "on the way" that is, to the official and "with the philosophy"
As with the Matthew version, this verse stands out from the surrounding verses because it is addressed to a single individual. While the Matthew 5:25 version of this verse uses a number of uncommon words, this version uses four words that are used nowhere else by Jesus in the Gospels. Both verses are translated to read more the same than they do in Greek.