This is after a saying aboutt Antipas(Herod) and Herodias's divorce.
Luke 16:19 There was a certain rich man, which was clothed in purple and fine linen, and fared sumptuously every day:
Luke 16:19 There was a rich man who was dressed in purple and fine linen and lived in luxury every day.
However, a man, a someone, was wealthy. And he put on himself purple and fine linen, cheering himself during daytime splendidly.
The word that begins this verse meaning "but" or "however" that begins this verse is not translated in English. This makes it seem that Jesus was contradicting something someone else said. Another word, meaning "a somebody”, is changed to "certain" in the KJV and left out of the NIV.
Jesus uses four Greek words only in this verse, the word translated as "was clothed/dressed" that means "put one”, the word translated as "purple”, the word translated as "fine linen”, the word translated as "fared/lived”, which really means "enjoying himself”, and the word translated as "sumptuously/luxury" that means "splendidly" when applied to wearing clothes. The punchline is "splendidly" so the humorous phrasing is lost.
Fine clothes do not make a fine life, but careless dress may make a careless life.
There was a certain(WW) rich man,(MW) which(IW) was clothed in(IW) purple and fine linen, and(IW) fared(WF,WV) sumptuously (MW) every(IW) day:
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "certain " should be something more like "a somebody”.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "however" after "man" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "which" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "in" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "which" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "and" doesn't exist in the source.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "enjoying”.
- WV -- Wrong Voice --This verb is a middle voice, which requires a "by/for himself" or a "himself" as an object.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "during" after "sumptuously" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "every" doesn't exist in the source.
There was a rich man (MW) (MW) who(IW) was dressed in(IW)purple and fine linen and(IW) lived(WW,WF,WV) in(IW) luxury(WW) (MW) every(IW) day.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "however" after "man" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "somebody" after "man" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "who" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "in" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "and" doesn't exist in the source.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "lived" should be something more like "enjoying”.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "enjoying”.
- WV -- Wrong Voice --This verb is a middle voice, which requires a "by/for himself" or a "himself" as an object.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "in" doesn't exist in the source.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "luxury" should be something more like "splendid”.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "during" after "luxury" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "every" doesn't exist in the source.
There was -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics. The word also means "to exist" where it doesn't connect to characteristics or conditions.
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
certain -- (WW) The Greek word translated as "certain " in the singular means "anyone”, "someone”, "something” and "anything”. The same forms are used both for the masculine and feminine, so "anyone" works best for a person. In the plural, it means "everyone”, "some”, "they” and "those”. Jesus often uses it to start a question so it means "who”, "what”, "which” or even "why”. - Jesus often uses the root word as an adjective describing a high-status people as "somebodies”. This word doesn't mean "certain”.
rich -- "Rich man" is from an adjective that means "rich”, and "opulent”. It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich. Here, it is used with an article, "the rich" but unlike English the sense is not a group of people, which would be plural, not singular, but "one who is wealthy”.
man, - The Greek word for "man" means "man”, "person" and "humanity" in the singular. In the plural, it means "men”, "people” and "peoples”.
missing "however" -- (MW) The untranslated word "however" means "but”, "yet”, "however” and "on the other hand”. It joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.
which -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
was -- -- This helping verb indicates the past tense of the verb. It also makes the verb passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
clothed -- "Clothed" is from a Greek verb that Jesus only uses here, which means to "put on" oneself or another. It is an extended form of the common word meaning "put on". This word is only found in the Bible and writings about it. The form is passive or the middle voice, someone acting on themselves, "he put on himself”.
in -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
purple -- "Purple" is the Greek adjective that means "purple", "purple dyed" and a "purple stripe". This is the only time Jesus uses this word. The purple stripe was specifically used on the clothing of Roman senators and the color from purple snails was known as Tyrian purple.
which -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even", "also" and "just”.
fine linen, --- "Fine linen" is from the Greek word that means "flax", and the linen made from it,
and -- (IW) These is no "and" here. It is added because the following participle was changed from an adjective form to an active verb in translation.
fared -- (WF) The Greek verb translated means “to be merry". It also means "cheer", "gladden", and in the passive, "make merry" and "enjoy oneself". It is used only in parables by Luke, most commonly in the parable of the prodigal son. The word at the time meant to do well or poorly as in "fared well." This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "enjoying”.
missing "himself" -- (MV) The middle voice of the verb indicates that the subject does something to, for, or by themselves.
sumptuously -- "Sumptuously" is another word that Jesus only used here. As an adjective, it means "bright”, "radiant" and of outward appearance, "splendid", "brilliant", and as an adverb "furiously", "keenly contested", "vigorously", and "utterly".
-missing "during" -- (MW) The untranslated word “during” The word translated as "against" means "down from”, "down into”, "against”, "opposite”, "at a point" (geometry), "separately”, "at a time”, "towards”, "in accordance with”, "concerning”, "corresponding with”, "during the course of a period” and "severally”.
every -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
day:-- The Greek word translated as "day" also means "time", in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime”.
There was -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics. The word also means "to exist" where it doesn't connect to characteristics or conditions.
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
missing "somebody" -- (MW) The untranslated word "somebody" in the singular means "anyone”, "someone”, "something” and "anything”. The same forms are used both for the masculine and feminine, so "anyone" works best for a person. In the plural, it means "everyone”, "some”, "they” and "those”. Jesus often uses it to start a question so it means "who”, "what”, "which”, or even "why”. - Jesus often uses the root word as an adjective describing a high-status people as "somebodies”. This word doesn't mean "certain”.
rich -- "Rich man" is from an adjective that means "rich," and "opulent." It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich. Here, it is used with an article, "the rich" but unlike English the sense is not a group of people, which would be plural, not singular, but "one who is wealthy”.
man, - The Greek word for "man" means "man”, "person" and "humanity" in the singular. In the plural, it means "men”, "people” and "peoples”.
missing "however" -- (MW) The untranslated word "however" means "but”, "yet”, "however” and "on the other hand”. It joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.
who-- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
was -- -- This helping verb indicates the past tense of the verb. It also makes the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
dressed -- "Clothed" is from a Greek verb that Jesus only uses here, which means to "put on" oneself or another. It is an extended form of the common word meaning "put on". This word is only found in the Bible and writings about it. The form is passive or the middle voice, someone acting on themselves, "he put on himself”.
in -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
purple -- "Purple" is the Greek adjective that means "purple", "purple dyed" and a "purple stripe". This is the only time Jesus uses this word. The purple stripe was specifically used on the clothing of Roman senators and the color from purple snails was known as Tyrian purple.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and”, but it also is used to add emphasis, "even”, "also” and "just”.
fine linen, --- "Fine linen" is from the Greek word that means "flax", and the linen made from it,
and -- (IW) These is no "and" here. It is added because the following participle was changed from an adjective form to an active verb in translation.
lived -- (WW, WF) The Greek verb translated means to "be merry" means "cheer", "gladden", and in the passive, "make merry" and "enjoy oneself". It is used only in parables by Luke, most commonly in the parable of the prodigal son. The word at the time meant to do well or poorly as in "fared well”. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "enjoying”. This word doesn't mean "lived”.
missing "himself" -- (MV) The middle voice of the verb indicates that the subject does something to, for, or by themselves.
in -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
luxury -- (WW) "Luxury" is another word that Jesus only used here. As an adjective, it means "bright”, "radiant" and of outward appearance, "splendid", "brilliant" and as an adverb "furiously", "keenly contested", "vigorously", and "utterly". This word doesn't mean "luxury”.
-missing "during" -- (MW) The untranslated word - The word translated as "against" means "down from”, "down into”, "against”, "opposite", "at a point" (geometry), "separately”, "at a time", "towards”, "in accordance with”, "concerning”, "corresponding with”, "during the course of a period” and "severally”.
every -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
day:-- The Greek word translated as "day" also means "time”, in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime”.
Ἄθρωπος [209 verses](noun sg masc nom) "Man" is anthropos, which is "man”, and, in plural, "mankind”. It also means "humanity" and that which is human and opposed to that which is animal or inanimate. Used as a form of address, it is a bit contemptuous, "sir”.
δὲ [446 verses](conj) "But" is de which means "but”, "yet”, "however” and "on the other hand”. It is the particle that joins sentences in an adversarial way but can also be an explanation of an indirect cause ("so") and a condition ("if"). In an "if" (εἰ) clause or temporal "when" (ὅταν) clause the sense is "if/when... then". In a series begun by men, it means "on the other hand". In a listing, the sense is "then" or "yet”. After an interruption, "so then". It can also be an explanation of cause ("so") and a condition ("if"). In a listing, the sense is "then" or "yet". After an interruption, "so then”.
τις [252 verses](pron sg masc nom) "A certain" is tis, which can mean "someone”, "something”, "any one”, "everyone”, "they” [indefinite], "many a one”, "whoever”, "anyone", "anything”, "some sort”, "some sort of”, "each”, "any”, "the individual”, "such” and so on. In a question, it can mean "who”, "why” or "what”.
ἦν [614 verses] (verb 3rd sg imperf ind act) "There was"is eimi, which means "to be”, "to exist”, "to be the case", of circumstance and events "to happen” and "is possible”. With the possessive (genitive) object, it means "is descended from”, "is the type of”, "belongs to”, "is made of”, "is a duty of”, "is at the mercy of” or "is dependent on”. With an indirect (dative) object, it means "have" where the subject and object are reversed. "It is to him" becomes "it is his" or "he has it”. With the preposition,"into" (εἰς), the sense is "consist of”. When the verb "to be" appears early in the clause before the subject, the sense is more like "it is" or, in the plural, "there are".
πλούσιος, [11 verses] (adj pl masc acc) "Rich" is from plousios, which means "rich” and "opulent”. It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and” or "also”. After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also”. Also used to give emphasis, "even”, "also” and "just”. In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also”. After words implying sameness "as”.
ἐνεδιδύσκετο [1 verse](verb 3rd sg imperf ind mp) "Was clothed" is endidysko, which means to "put on" oneself or another. Extended form of endyo. Found only in NT and after. Jesus uses it only here.
πορφύραν [1 verse](noun sg fem acc) "Purple" is porphyra, which means "purple", a "purple fish”, "purple dye" and a "purple stripe".
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and” or "also”. After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also”. Also used to give emphasis, "even”, "also” and "just”. In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also”. After words implying sameness "as”.
βύσσον [1 verse](noun sg fem acc) "Fine linen" is byssos, which means "flax", and the linen made from it.
εὐφραινόμενος [7 verses] (part sg pres mp masc nom) "Fared"is euphraino, which means "cheer", "gladden" and in the passive, "make merry", "enjoy oneself".
κατὰ [60 verses](prep/adv) "Against" is kata. It can be a preposition or an adverb. As a preposition with the genitive, it means, means "downwards”, "down from”, "down into”, "against”, "down toward”, "down (from)”, "by” and time, "for”. With the accusative, it means "down (to)”, "according to”, "about”, "by”, "during”, of motion, "on”, "over”, "throughout a space”, "opposite”, "at a point" (geometry), "separately”, "individually”, "at a time”, "towards”, "in accordance with”, "concerning”, "corresponding with”, "during the course of a period” and "severally”. As an adverb, it means "downward", "separately”, "individually”, "according as”, "just as”, "in so far as”, "wherefore”, "like as if" and "exactly as”. As a prefix, it means "down”, "in answer to”, "against”, "back again”, "implying waste” and to strengthen the meaning of the word.
ἡμέραν [96 verses](noun sg fem acc) "Day" is hemera, which, as a noun, means "day", "a state or time of life”, "a time” (poetic), "day break" and "day time." It also has a second meaning, of "quiet”, "tame” (animals), "cultivated”(crops), and "civilized” (people).
λαμπρῶς.[1 verse](adv or adj pl masc acc ) "Sumptuously" is from lamprōs, which means "bright", "radiant" and of outward appearance, "splendid", "brilliant", and as an adverb "furiously", "keenly contested", "vigorously", and "utterly".
These two parables, the unjust servant and the rich man, are the some of the few in which the wealthiest and more powerful character does not represent God the father.