σκότος [7 verses](noun sg neut nom) "Darkness" is from skotos, which means "darkness," "gloom," "blindness," and "dizziness." It also means "obscurity," "deceit," and "hidden."  It is a metaphor in Greek for ignorance. -- The Greek word translated as "darkness" has the general meaning of "darkness," "gloom," "blindness," but it also has the sense of "hidden," "obscure," and "deceit."

σκῦλα [1 verse](noun pl neut acc) "Spoils" is from skylon, which means "arms stripped off a slain enemy", "spoils", and "booty". - -The Greek noun translated as "spoils" specifically means armor that has been removed.

σκυθρωποί, [2 verses](adj pl masc nom) "Of sad countenance" come skythropos, which means "of sad or angry ," "sullen," "with greater severity," of things: "gloomy," "sad," "melancholy," and "dark and dull [of color]." -- The Greek word translated as "of a sad countenance" is an adjective that literally means "a sullen look."

Σοδόμοις [5 verses](noun, pl masc dat) "Sodom" is from Sodoma, which means the biblical town of Sodom, destroy in the OT alone by a hail of fire.--"Sodom" is from Greek spelling of  the biblical town of Sodom, destroy in the OT alone by a hail of fire. The odd thing is that the word seem to have a plural ending on it.

σοὶ [81 verses](pron 2nd sg dat) "You" is soi which is the singular, second-person pronoun, "you," in the form of an indirect pronoun. --- The word for "you" is the indirect object form of the singular, second-person pronoun in the form of an indirect object of a verb or a preposition.

Σολομῶνος, [4 verses](proper noun) "Of Solomon" is from Solomon, the Greek word for the Israelite king following David.-- This is from the Greek word for King Solomon, the son of King David.

σῶμά [17 verses](noun sg neut nom/acc)"Body" is soma, which means "body," "dead body," "the living body," "animal body," "person," "human being," "any corporeal substance," "metallic substance," "figure of three dimensions [math]," "solid," "whole [of a thing]," "frame [of a thing]," "the body of the proof," "a body of writings." and "text of a document." Like our word "body" it has special meanings such as "body" of proof and the "body" of a document. It is the physical substance of things, the body of men and animals or of heavenly bodies or groups of people. -- The Greek word translated as "body" means a physical body, either living or dead. It also refers to the "whole" of ourselves (see this article).

σοφία  [6 verses](noun sg fem nom) "Wisdom" is sophia, which means "cleverness", "skill," and "learning." This was seen as an attribute of God and a gift from God to men. Sophia was the Greek goddess of learning and in Christianity is used as a symbol for Mary, the mother of Jesus.  - Wisdom" is a word meaning "cleverness", "skill", "learning," and "wisdom." The Greek word, Sophia, was the goddess of wisdom among the Greeks. Among the Jews, this attribute was first recognized as an attribute of God and was later identified with the Spirit of God. In Greek, however, the word carried no just the idea of superior knowledge, but superior skill in doing things in the real world. It was a practical knowledge, more like we use the word "common sense." 

σοφῶν [3 verses](adj pl masc gen ) "The wise" is sophos, which means "skilled at practical matters," "clever," and "wise. The idea is those with experience and common sense.  - "Wise" is a Greek adjective that refers to those with experience and common sense. It has no article ("the") in front of it in the Greek. 

σῷ [8 verses](adj sg neut dat) "Thine" is sos, which means "thy," "thine" "of thee," or "to thee."  -  (CW) This is not the common second-person possessive pronoun, but a special pronoun used to describe things that are owned. It matches the form of the word modified. It might be better translated as "your own." CW --Confusing Word -- The "your" does not capture the word's specific meaning.

σωτηρία [2 verses](noun sg fem nom) "Salvation" is from soteria, which means "deliverance", "preservation", "a way or means of safety", "keeping safe", "security", "safety," and "salvation."  -- (CW) The word translated as "salvation" means "deliverance", "preservation", "a way or means of safety", "keeping safe", "security", "safety," and "salvation." This word is used by Jesus only twice.  Salvation is more the sense of the Latin word than the Greek. The word "salvation" has a religious meaning that the Greek word didn't have. CW --Confusing Word --  The word "salvation" has a religious meaning that the Greek word didn't have.

σου [150 verses] (pron sg masc gen) "Thine" is from sou,  the possessive (genitive) form of the second-person, singular pronoun. A genitive object means a movement away from something or a position away from something else. The time sense of a genitive object is that the event occurred within a specified time. *--  The "your" here is the singular, possessive (genitive) form the second-person pronoun. When it follows the noun, "of yours." As an object, it indicates movements or positions away from something.

σου [144 verses](pron 2nd sg gen) "Thy" is sou is the genitive form of the second-person, singular pronoun that means "of you" and "your." As a genitive object of a preposition, as here, it means a movement away from something or a position away from something else.  -- The word translated as "your" is the genitive form of the singular, second-person pronoun, which is most commonly the possessive form.  This pronoun follows the noun so "of yours."

σουδαρίῳ: [1 verse] ( noun sg neut dat ) "Napkin" is soudarion, which means a "towel" or "napkin". -- "Napkin" is another word that Jesus only uses here. It means "towel" or "napkin", but the sense is a smaller square of cloth, used like a handkerchief. In Jesus's time, people often kept money tied up in cloth, creating a bag. 

σῶσαι [25 verse](verb aor inf act) "Save" is sozo (soizo), which means "save from death," "keep alive," "keep safe," "preserve," "maintain," "keep in mind," "carry off safely," and "rescue." -- (CW)  "Made... whole" is the Greek word that means "to keep alive" when applied to people or "to keep safe" when applied to things. It is translated as "save from death," "keep alive," "keep safe," "preserve," "maintain," "keep in mind," "carry off safely," and "rescue." Jesus uses it to mean "rescue" in most cases. This is not the specific meaning of the word in this situation. CW --Confusing Word -- The "made" does not capture the word's specific meaning in this situation.

σπείρειν [31 verses](verb pres inf act) "Sowed" is speiro, which means "to sow a seed," "to beget offspring," "to scatter like a seed," and "to sow a field." -- The Greek word translated as "sow" means specifically to "sow seeds" and "to scatter" as in sowing seeds. It is, however, from the same root word as the Greek word for "seeds" so "seeding" is closer to its meaning. Seeds" are Jesus's symbol of knowledge or the beginning of knowledge.

“σπήλαιον [3 verses](noun sg neut acc) "Den" is spelaion, which means "grotto," "cavern," and "cave." It is the source for our term for exploring caves, "spelunking." It also means "behind the scenes" in a theater and was slang for one's "private parts."  - The term translated as "den" means "cave" or "grotto."

σπερμάτων, [7 verses](noun pl neut gen) "Seed" is sperma, which means "seed," "sperm," "origin," "race," "descent," and "offspring."  - "Seeds" also means "source' and "offspring." They are Christ's symbol for the "source" of knowledge and of the offspring of families.

σπεύσας  [1 verse] ( part sg aor act masc nom) "Make haste" is from speudo, which means "set going", "urge on", and "hasten." -- "Make haste" is  a Greek verb that means "set going", "urge on", and "hasten." The form in an adjective, not an active noun or a command, "getting going".

σφόδρα. [2 verses](adv) "Exceedingly" is sphodra, which means "very," "very much," and "exceedingly."  -  - "Exceedingly" is  a Greek adverb that means "very," "very much," and "exceedingly."  Jesus only uses it twice.

ἐσφράγισεν [1 verse] (3rd sg aor ind act) "Sealed" is from sphragizo, which means "to close," "to close with a seal," "to authenticate [a document with a seal]," "to close up [as with a seal]," and "to set a seal of approval upon." - The final section of the verse says that God has "sealed" Christ. However, the purpose of seals in Christ era was to authenticate or approve of something. A "seal" was the mark of a person in authority. So the Father has authenticated or approved the Son to give people the strengthening meat that leads to eternal life.

Σπλαγχνίζομαι [5 verses](verb 1st sg pres ind mp) "Have compassion" is splagchnizomai, which means to "to feel great compassion." It is a New Testament word. It is from -splanchnon which means one's insides, inner organs, which were seen as the seat of feelings among the Greeks, the "chest" the higher feelings and the belly the lower. It is also is related to -splanchneuô, which means eating the inner organs of a sacrifice or prophesying from those inner.s organs. -  -  The Greek term that KJV translates as "I have compassion" is only used in the New Testament and only three times in Jesus's words. It doesn't exist elsewhere in Greek literature.  It is based on the general Greek term for the inner organs. It is connected to the idea that the inner organs are the seat of human feelings (something supported by recent research into the brain). The English terms "eating one's heart out" and having "gut feelings" or having one's "insides ache" carry a similar sensibility. There is also a religious side that has no parallel in English because the term is also linguistically related to the idea of eating the inner organs of an altar sacrifice.

σποδῷ [2 verses](noun sg fem dat ) "Ashes" is spodos, which means "wood ashes" and, more generally, "dust." It was rubbed on sackcloth as a sign of mourning.  - "Ashes" is a word that means "wood ashes" and, more generally, "dust." It was rubbed on sackcloth as a sign of mourning. this is not a common term for Christ to use. 

σπόρον [4 verses](noun sg masc acc) "Seed" is sporos, which means "sowing", "seed-time", "seed", "harvest", "crop", and "offspring".   - The word "seed" means "seed," "sowing," "harvest," and "crop".  It is Jesus's symbol for the beginning or kernel of knowledge.

στάχυν, [1 verse]( noun sg masc acc ) "Ear" is from stachus, which means "scion", "progeny", "part of the crop that is reaped," and "the head of the grain." -- This is another uncommon word that means "the cropped reaped," "scion", "progeny", "part of the crop that is reaped," and "the head of the grain." It began being translated as "ear of corn," in the English translations of the Bible.

σταφυλὰς [2 verses](noun pl fem acc) "Grapes" is staphyle, which means "bunch of grapes", "of ripe, fresh grapes", "uvula when swollen," and "plumb of a level." -- The Greek word translated as "grapes" means "a bunch of grapes. Grapes were generally symbolic of fertility in most cultures but, among the Jews, also of humility between of the similarity between the Hebrew words for them.

στατῆρα: [1 verse] (noun sg masc acc) "A piece of money" is stater, which means "standard coin," "one who owes money," and "debtor."  - "A piece of money" is from a Greek word that means a "standard coin," "one who owes money," and "debtor."

σταυρῶσαι, [3 verses](verb aor inf act) "To crucify" is stauroo, which means "to stake," "to be fenced with poles" or "piles driven into a foundation." As a method of execution, it is translated both as "to hang" as from a gallows, and "to impale" on a stake. It is from the root, staros, which means "an upright pole or stake." This term was used for a stake (or "pale") used for impaling and with the Christian era, the cross. -- "Crucify" mean literally "to stake," that is, to drive a stake into the ground, and  more specifically "to be fenced with poles" or "drive piles for a foundation."As a method of execution, it is translated both as "to hang" as from a gallows, and "to impale" on a stake. It is the Greek word for "stake," though it is often translated as "cross" in the Gospels. The Greek verb refers to driving a stake in the ground and was commonly used to describe building a fence. The phrase often translated as "take up your cross" in the Gospels actually means "pull up your stakes," which could mean either fence posts or the stakes or poles that hold up a tent, which is more the source of the English phrase.

σταυρὸν [5 verses](noun sg masc acc) "Cross" is from stauros, which means "upright post or stake," "pointed stick," "posts or piles for a foundation," and "a stake for impaling." In Christ's time, it was used for describing the upright post that held the crossbar for crucifixion. -- (CW) The word translated as "cross" means a "stake" or "post," like those used to hold up a tent. It does not describe the crossbar of a cross, but the stake on which the crossbar is hung. Among people traveling at the time, it meant pulling up the central stake of a tent to use it as a walking stick. See this article about this word.  CW --Confusing Word -- The "cross" does not capture the word's specific meaning in this situation.

στήκετε [1 verse]( verb 2nd pl pres ind act ) "Ye stand" is steko, which means "stand." The word is an archaic version of the more common histemi.

στενῆς [3 verses](adj sg fem gen) "Strait" is stenos, which means "narrow", "narrows", "straits", "close", "confined", "scanty", "petty", "small-minded", "narrow-minded", "thin or meagre [of sound and style]," and, as an adverb "[to be] in difficulties."  - The term translated as "strait" primarily means "narrow," but it is not a positive term in Greek having many negative associations including "small minded" and "confined."

ἐστήρικται, [2 verses](verb 3rd sg perf ind mp) "There is...fixed" is stērizō, which means to "make fast," "prop," "fix"​, and "support." In the passive, "to be firmly set or fixed," and "stand fast." Metaphorically, it means to  "confirm," and "establish." -- "Fixed" is a Greek verb that means to "make fast," "prop," "fix"​, and "support."  Jesus only uses this word twice. It is the word that means setting a stone in the ground so it won't move and putting a rainbow in the clouds, but metaphorically, it means "to establish." It is not active or passive, but the form where the subject acts for or on itself. So, "has established itself" or "has established for itself." 

στολαῖς [5 verses](noun pl fem dat )  "Long clothing" is stole, which means "equipment", "fitting out", "armament", "equipment in dress", "raiment", "garment", "robe," and "the act of dressing." -- "Long clothing" is a Greek word that means "equipment", "fitting out", "armament", "equipment in dress", "raiment", "garment", "robe," and "the act of dressing." Jesus uses it only three times, always to mean a piece of clothing. This word is the source of our word "stole."

στόμα ” [12 verses ](noun sg neut nom) "Mouth" is stoma, which means "mouth" and therefore, "speech" or "utterance." In English, we say someone has a "foul mouth" when we mean they use bad language. The Greek use to mean speech was a little more direct. -- The Greek word translated as "mouth" is  means "mouth" and therefore, "speech" or "utterance." In English, we say someone has a "foul mouth" when we mean they use bad language. The Greek use to mean speech was a little more direct.

στρατοπέδων [1 verse]( noun pl neut gen ) "Armies" is stratopedon, which means "camp", and "encampment".

στρέψον [3 verses](2nd sg aor imperat act) "Turn" is strepho, which means "turn aside", "turn about," "turn over", "rotate", "sprain", "dislocate", "twist", "torture", "return", "plait", "to twist about", "turn and change", "to always be engaged in", "to turn about with oneself", "to wheel about", "give back," and "convert." It is a metaphor for pain. -- The Greek word translated as "turn" is actually an extreme word than a simple "turn." The English word that seems the closest is feeling is "twist." It has the same sense of "turning" and injuring by turning. he would have used that word. Of course, some of his use of extreme words, like his using extreme statements, is for their entertainment value and their humor.

ἐστρωμένον: (katastronnyu) [2 verses](part perf pass sg neut acc) "Furnished" is strōnnyō, which means "spread out", and "strewn". - -- "Furnished" is another rare word, but this one does appear in the Septuagint as well as the NT. A version of it with a prefix also appears in other ancient Greek. It is a verb that means means to  "spread", and "spread out". It is in the form of an passive adjective, "having been spread".

στρουθία [4 verses](noun pl neut acc/nom) "Sparrows" is strouthion, which actually means a "tiny sparrows" from strouthos, the word for "sparrow." The word is also a metaphor for a "lecher" or "lewd fellow." -- "Sparrows" is a word that is the diminutive of the word for "sparrow" so "tiny sparrow." These were sold at the temple as the least expensive animal sacrifices. It is also a metaphor for lechers.

στυγνάζων [1 verse](part sg pres act masc nom) "And lowering" is stygnazo, which is a verb that means "to have a gloomy, lowering look" and "to be threatening weather."  - "Lowering" is from a verb used as an adjective that means "having a gloomy look" and "being a threatening sky." This verb is only used once by Jesus.

σὺ  [36  verses](pron 2nd sg nom) "Thee/you" is su , which means "you" in the second-person pronoun in form of a singular subject. -- The  "you" here in the second-person pronoun in form of a singular subject. When it has no verb, the verb "is" or the previous verb is assumed. When it has a verb, the subject of the sentence is part of the verb, its explicit use repeats the idea of who is speaking, "you." Saying "you yourself" captures this feeling in English. missing "yourself" -- (MW)  The subjective pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself." MW -- Missing Word -- This subject pronoun duplicates information in the verb so it needs a "yourself" after "you" for emphasis.

The Subjunctive Mood is used basically to express wish, hope, expectation, intentions, and also to make suggestions and negative commands. It is the verb form of possibility, because it indicates something that "should" or "might" take place. If is always used in "when" and "if" clauses because those are things that might happen but in those clauses, the "should" or "might" need not be added because we understand that the clause is just a possibility.  

The DELIBERATIVE subjunctive is used when a speaker is asking himself or herself a question about what to do or what to say). Common characteristics of the deliberative subjunctive are:

• It is used only in the PRESENT or AORIST tense
• It is used only in the 1st PERSON
• The negative is μή

DELIBERATIVE subjunctives are always found in QUESTIONS. This distinguishes them from HORTATORY subjunctives, which are statements. The verb begins the sentence. In the

συνέπεσεν, [1 verse](verb 3rd sg aor ind act) "It fell" is from sumpitou, which means to "fall or dash together" of waves, and "concur".  - The Greek verb translated as "it fell" means "fall or dash together" of waves, and "concur".

συνέχομαι [1 verse](verb 1st sg pres ind mp) "am I straightened" is from sunecho, which means to be "joined together", to have shoulder "bent in or contracted" over the chest, and "to collapse". The general sense is to be constrained by being pressed upon. - -"Am I straightened" is a Greek verb that means to be "joined together", to have shoulder "bent in or contracted" over the chest, and "to collapse". The general sense is to be constrained by being pressed upon. However, it is not passive, but a form where the subject acts on himself. In this case, "I constrain myself". This word is used twice by Jesus, here and later to describe the destruction of Jerusalem. 

συγγενεῦσιν [3 verses](noun pl masc dat) "Kin" is syggenes, which means "congenital",  "inborn", "character", "natural," "of the same family", "kinsfolk", "kindred," and "akin." This word is not used in Matthew, appears in Mark only here, and twice in Luke, though in different verses. -- The noun translated as "kinsmen"  "inborn",  "of the same family", "kinsfolk", and "akin."

συγκεκαλυμμένον [1 verse]](part sg perf mp masc acc) "Covered" is sygkalypto, which means "cover completely", "veil completely", "muffled up", "cover one's face", and "wrap oneselves up".  - - The unique word that Jesus only uses here is translated as "covered" and means "cover completely", "veil completely", "muffled up", "cover one's face", and "wrap oneselves up".  It is a more specific version of the Greek word used in the other verses. 

συγκυρίαν [1 verse](noun sg fem acc) "Chance" is sygkyria, which means "chance".   -The word translated as "chance" means "chance" and it is used uniquely here,  In the database of ancient Greek it is found only one other place, appearing once in Hippocrates. 

συκαμίνῳ [1 verse](noun sg masc dat) "Sycamore tree" is sykaminos , which means "mulberry tree". -- "Sycamore tree" is the noun that means "mulberry tree". It is a difference genus, but the same family as the sycamore. This tree bears fruit. The American sycamore does not.

συκῆς [8 verses] (noun sg fem gen) "Fig tree" is syke, which means "fig tree."  -  -   - The word for "fig tree" means "fig tree." In ancient times, figs were a symbol for abundance.

σῦκα; [2 verses](noun pl neut acc) "Figs" is sykon, which means "fruit of the fig", "large wart on the eyelids", "tumors," and "a woman's sex organ."  - "Figs" are from the Greek word meaning the "fruit of the fig tree". It is another word for "tumors" and a woman's sex order.

συλλέγουσιν [8 verses](3rd pl pres ind act) "Do men gather" is sylego, a term meaning "gather," "collect," "come together," "collect," "get together [people]," "compose," "compile," "scrape together," "compile a list of," (middle passive) "collect for oneself," "for one's own use," and (in passive) "come together," "become customary," "come together," "assemble." --(CW)  The word translated as "Do gather" specifically means collecting something for use. The word means a selective choosing rather than an indiscriminate gathering as in the selection of ripe grapes and figs.-- (CW)  This is not the word usually translated as "gather." CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "gather."