Parable of the Vineyard, after the other slaves are killed.
Mark 12:6 Having yet therefore one son, his wellbeloved, he sent him also last unto them, saying, They will reverence my son.
Mark 12:6 He had one left to send, a son, whom he loved. He sent him last of all, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’
NLT Mark 12:6 until there was only one left—his son whom he loved dearly. The owner finally sent him, thinking, ‘Surely they will respect my son.’
Still one he had, a beloved son. He sent him out last to them, saying that "They will be turned by this son of mine."
The word translated as "well-beloved offers a little self-deprecating humor in the Greek. The term translated as "well-loved" describing the son means "well-loved" when applied to people, but when applied to children it has a more humble meaning "one with whom one has to be content."
The uncommon verb translated as "reverence" primarily means to "turn inward." In the passive used here, it means feeling misgivings about what you are doing. In the Septuagint, this form of the word is always translated as "will be ashamed" or "will be humbled."
However, the "my son" actually "this son of mine," is a little unusual. Though it is in the form of a direct object, it is not the object of the verb, "will be humbled" because passive verbs cannot take direct objects. So this is an adverbial use of the object for explaining "how." We can add "by" or similar preposition to capture its meaning.
If we don't feel humbled by the Son, we will be ashamed in the future.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The "having" is not a participle in today's source but an active verb, "He had."
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "therefore" existed in the KJV Greek source but not the one we used today.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "his" existed in the KJV Greek source but not the one we used today.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "sent" does not capture the word's specific meaning of "sent off" or "sent out."
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "also" existed in the KJV Greek source but not the one we used today.
- WF - Wrong Form - The "reverence" is not active but a passive verb, "be turned around."
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "the" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "left" does not capture the word's specific meaning in this situation.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "to" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "send" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "of all" doesn't exist in the source.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "sent" does not capture the word's specific meaning of "sent off" or "sent out."
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "to" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "them" is not shown in the English translation.
- WF - Wrong Form - The "respect" is not active but a passive verb, "be turned around."
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "the" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "until" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "was" means "had."
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "only" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "his" should be "a."
- IP - Inserted phrase-- The phrase "the owner" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
- CW --Confusing Word -- The "sent" does not capture the word's specific meaning of "sent off" or "sent out."
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "to" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "them" is not shown in the English translation.
- WF - Wrong Form - The "reverence" is not active but a passive verb, "be turned around."
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "the" is not shown in the English translation.
Having -- (OS) The word translated as "having" means to "have", "possess", "bear", "keep close", "have means to do", "to have due to one", or "keep" and many specific uses. The word is not a participle, "having," in today's source, but it was in the source the KJV people used.
yet -- "Yet" is an adverb that means "yet" and "still" (with the Present), "already" (with the Past), "yet" and "longer" (with the Future), "no longer" (with a negative), and "still" and "besides" (of degree).
therefore -- (OS) There is no Greek word that is translated as "therefore" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used.
one -- The Greek word translated as "one" means "one" (as opposed to other numbers), "single," and "one and the same."As in English, it can be used as a pronoun, meaning a single person.
son, -- The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children". It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. Jesus also used it metaphorically to describe those who follow a way of thought or set of beliefs that descend from an individual. More about it in this article.
his -- (OS)There is no Greek word that is translated as "his" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used.
wellbeloved, -- "Wellbeloved" is an uncommon adjective for Jesus to use that means which means "that with one must be content" when specifically applied to only children, "to be acquiesced in" (the choice of least evils, "one must be content", "desirable" (of things), and "beloved" (of people). It is an adjective form of one of the words the NT translates as "love" but it has the sense of welcome. We only see this word here and in the parallel in Mark. This word follows "son" and is preceded by its own article so that either it or the following word (see below) are treated as a noun.
he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.
sent --- (CW) The "send " here is a word that means "to send off" and "dispatch." It is the source of our word "apostle." This word is not the simple "send" but a more complex one that means "send out" or "send from."
him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
also -- (OS) There is no Greek word that is translated as "his" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used.
last -- "Last" is from an adjective that, in space, this means "furthest." In degree, it means "uttermost" and "highest." In persons, it means "lowest" and "meanest." Of time, it means "last" and "ending." If the context is the previous verse, it can refer to distance or people so it means "furthest" or "meanest".
unto -- The word translated as "to" means "towards", "by reason of (for)," and "against."
them, -- The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
saying, -- The word translated as "saying" is the most common word that means "to say," and "to speak," but it also means "to teach," which seems to be the way Christ uses it more frequently. It also has many ancillary meanings such as "to count" ("to number" or like we might say, "to recount" a story) or "to choose for yourself." Christ usually uses this word to refer to his own speaking or teaching.
They -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
will -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping verbs are needed in Greek translation.
reverence -- (WF) The word translated as "reverence " primarily means to "turn around." It literally means "turn around within." In the passive voice used here, it has a sense of feeling misgivings about what you are doing, "to be turned around within." The sense is "to feel misgivings.
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
my -- "My" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek in the possessive form, so "my" or "of me".
son. -- The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children". It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. Jesus also used it metaphorically to describe those who follow a way of thought or set of beliefs that descend from an individual. More about it in this article.
He -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the following verb.
had -- The word translated as "had" means to "have", "possess", "bear", "keep close", "have means to do", "to have due to one", or "keep" and many specific uses. This verb isn't used to form past tenses as it is in English.
one -- The Greek word translated as "one" means "one" (as opposed to other numbers), "single," and "one and the same."As in English, it can be used as a pronoun, meaning a single person.
left -- (CW) "Yet" is an adverb that means "yet" and "still" (with the Present), "already" (with the Past), "yet" and "longer" (with the Future), "no longer" (with a negative), and "still" and "besides" (of degree).t
to -- (IW) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "to" in the Greek source.
send, -- (IW) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "send" in the Greek source. The verb appears later in the verse in a different form.
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
son, -- The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children". It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. Jesus also used it metaphorically to describe those who follow a way of thought or set of beliefs that descend from an individual. More about it in this article.
whom he loved. -- "Whom he loved" is an uncommon adjective for Jesus to use that means which means "that with one must be content" when specifically applied to only children, "to be acquiesced in" (the choice of least evils, "one must be content", "desirable" (of things), and "beloved" (of people). It is an adjective form of one of the words the NT translates as "love" but it has the sense of welcome. We only see this word here and in the parallel in Mark. This word follows "son" and is preceded by its own article so that either it or the following word (see below) are treated as a noun.
He -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.
sent --- (CW) The "send " here is a word that means "to send off" and "dispatch." It is the source of our word "apostle." This word is not the simple "send" but a more complex one that means "send out" or "send from."
him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
last -- "Last" is from an adjective that, in space, this means "furthest." In degree, it means "uttermost" and "highest." In persons, it means "lowest" and "meanest." Of time, it means "last" and "ending." If the context is the previous verse, it can refer to distance or people so it means "furthest" or "meanest".
of all -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "of all" in the Greek source.
missing "to"-- (MW) The untranslated word "to" means "towards", "by reason of (for)," and "against."
missing "them"-- (MW) The untranslated word "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
saying, -- The word translated as "saying" is the most common word that means "to say," and "to speak," but it also means "to teach," which seems to be the way Christ uses it more frequently. It also has many ancillary meanings such as "to count" ("to number" or like we might say, "to recount" a story) or "to choose for yourself." Christ usually uses this word to refer to his own speaking or teaching.
They -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
will -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping verbs are needed in Greek translation.
respect -- (WF)The word translated as "respect" primarily means to "turn around." It literally means "turn around within." In the passive voice used here, it has a sense of feeling misgivings about what you are doing, "to be turned around within." The sense is "to fell misgivings."
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
my -- "My" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek in the possessive form, so "my" or "of mine".
son. -- The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children". It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. Jesus also used it metaphorically to describe those who follow a way of thought or set of beliefs that descend from an individual. More about it in this article.
NLT
until -- (IW) There is no Greek word that can be translated as "until" in the Greek source.
there -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the following verb.
was -- (WW) The word translated as "was" means to "have", "possess", "bear", "keep close", "have means to do", "to have due to one", or "keep" and many specific uses. This verb isn't used to form past tenses as it is in English.
only -- (IW) There is no Greek word that can be translated as "only" in the Greek source.
one -- The Greek word translated as "one" means "one" (as opposed to other numbers), "single," and "one and the same."As in English, it can be used as a pronoun, meaning a single person.
left -- "Yet" is an adverb that means "yet" and "still" (with the Present), "already" (with the Past), "yet" and "longer" (with the Future), "no longer" (with a negative), and "still" and "besides" (of degree).
his -- (WW) There is no pronoun or definitive article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
son, -- The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children". It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. Jesus also used it metaphorically to describe those who follow a way of thought or set of beliefs that descend from an individual. More about it in this article.
whom he loved dearly. -- "Whom he loved" is an uncommon adjective for Jesus to use that means which means "that with one must be content" when specifically applied to only children, "to be acquiesced in" (the choice of least evils, "one must be content", "desirable" (of things), and "beloved" (of people). It is an adjective form of one of the words the NT translates as "love" but it has the sense of welcome. We only see this word here and in the parallel in Mark. This word follows "son" and is preceded by its own article so that either it or the following word (see below) are treated as a noun.
The owner -- (IP) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "the owner" in the Greek source.
finally-- "Finally" is from an adjective that, in space, this means "furthest." In degree, it means "uttermost" and "highest." In persons, it means "lowest" and "meanest." Of time, it means "last" and "ending." If the context is the previous verse, it can refer to distance or people so it means "furthest" or "meanest".
sent --- (CW) The "send " here is a word that means "to send off" and "dispatch." It is the source of our word "apostle." This word is not the simple "send" but a more complex one that means "send out" or "send from."
him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
missing "to"-- (MW) The untranslated word "to" means "towards", "by reason of (for)," and "against."
missing "them"-- (MW) The untranslated word "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
thinking, -- (WW) The word translated as "thinking" is the most common word that means "to say," and "to speak," but it also means "to teach," which seems to be the way Christ uses it more frequently. It also has many ancillary meanings such as "to count" ("to number" or like we might say, "to recount" a story) or "to choose for yourself." Christ usually uses this word to refer to his own speaking or teaching.
‘Surely -- (IW) There is no Greek word that can be translated as "only" in the Greek source.
They -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
will -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping verbs are needed in Greek translation.
respect -- (WF)The word translated as "respect" primarily means to "turn around." It literally means "turn around within." In the passive voice used here, it has a sense of feeling misgivings about what you are doing, "to be turned around within." The sense is "to fell misgivings.
missing "the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
my -- "My" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek in the possessive form, so "my" or "of mine".
son. -- The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children". It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. Jesus also used it metaphorically to describe those who follow a way of thought or set of beliefs that descend from an individual. More about it in this article.
ἔτι [18 verses](adv) "Yet" is from eti, which means "yet" and "still" (with the Present), "already" (with the Past), "yet" and "longer" (with the Future), "no longer" (with a negative), and "still" and "besides" (of degree).
ἕνα [85 verses](noun sg masc acc) "One" is heis, which means "one" (as opposed to other numbers), "single," and "one and the same." This adjective is irregular, having a number of forms depending on sex, number, and case: heis, henos, heni, hen, hena, mia, mias, miai, mian; hen, henos, hen.
εἶχεν, [181 verses](verb 3rd sg imperf ind act) "Having" is echo, which means "to have," "to hold," "to possess," "to keep," "to have charge of," "to have due to one," "to maintain," "to hold fast," "to hold in," "to bear," "to carry," "to keep close," "to keep safe," and "to have means to do." In aorist, it can mean "acquire," or "get." The main sense when it has an object is "to have" or "to hold." It can also mean "to without" or "keep back" a thing.
υἱὸν [158 verses](noun sg masc acc) "Son" is huios, which means a "son," and more generally, a "child." It is used generally to refer to any male descendant.
ἀγαπητόν: [2 verses]( adj sg masc acc ) "Wellbeloved" is agapetos, which means "that with one must be content" when specifically applied to only children. In the choice of least evils, it means "to be acquiesced in." It means desirable" (of things), and "beloved" (of people) as used in the Septuagint.
ἀπέστειλεν [60 verses]( verb 3rd sg aor ind act ) "Sent " is apostello, which means "to send off," "to send away," or "to dispatch."
αὐτὸν [124 verses](pron/adj sg masc acc) "Him/It" is auton, is the masculine, accusative case of the third-person, singular adjective that is used as a pronoun. Masculine pronouns can refer to things as well as people, so it can be it." The word also means "the same," and "of one's own accord." An accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Events may show the amount of time
ἔσχατον [21 verses] ( adj sg masc acc) "Last" is eschatos. In space, this means "furthest." In degree, it means "uttermost" and "highest." In persons, it means "lowest" and "meanest." Of time, it means "last" and "ending."
πρὸς [92 verses] (prep) "Unto" is pros, which means "on the side of", "in the direction of", "from (place)", "towards" "before", "in the presence of", "in the eyes of", "in the name of", "by reason of", "before (supplication)", "proceeding from (for effects)", "dependent on", "derivable from", "agreeable,""becoming", "like", "at the point of", "in addition to", "against," and "before."
αὐτοὺς [62 verses](pron pl masc acc) "Them" is autous, in the form of the plural, masculine pronoun "them" in the form of a direct object. An accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Events may show the amount of time.
λέγων [264 verses]( part sg pres act masc nom ) "Saying" is lego, which means "to recount," "to tell over," "to say," "to speak," "to teach," "to mean," "boast of," "tell of," "recite," nominate," and "command." When used with an object is has the sense of "call by name." It has a secondary meaning "pick out," "choose for oneself," "pick up," "gather," "count," and "recount." A less common word that is spelled the same means "to lay," "to lay asleep" and "to lull asleep." Since this is the most common such word Jesus uses, perhaps translating it consistently as "say" works best.
ὅτι [332 verses](adv/conj) "That" is hoti, which introduces a statement of fact "with regard to the fact that," "seeing that," and acts as a causal adverb meaning "for what," "because," "since," and "wherefore."
Ἐντραπήσονται [4 verses]( verb 3rd pl fut ind pass ) "They will reverence" is entrepo, which means "to turn [something] about", "to make one turn," and, as a metaphor, for "putting one to shame." In its passive form (used here), it means "to turn [yourself] about", "to be turned around within," "to feel misgivings", "to hesitate", "to give heed", "to respect," and "to reverence."
τὸν [821 verses](article sg masc acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the").
υἱὸν [158 verses](noun sg masc acc) "Son"is huios, which means a "son," and more generally, a "child." It is used generally to refer to any male descendant.
μου [239 verses](adj sg masc gen) "My" is from mou (emou), which means "me," and "mine." As a genitive object means movement away from something or a position away from something else.-
The "beloved" here also means "one with whom one must be contented" when applied to children.