Mark 12:5 And again he sent another...

Spoken to: 

challengers

Parable of the Vineyard, after the second slave is humble away.

KJV: 

Mark 12:5 And again he sent another; and him they killed, and many others; beating some, and killing some.

NIV : 

Mark 12:5 He sent still another, and that one they killed. He sent many others; some of them they beat, others they killed.

3RD (NLT, if not otherwise identified): 

Mark 12:5 The next servant he sent was killed. Others he sent were either beaten or killed,

LISTENERS HEARD: 

And he sent out another. This one they destroyed, and many others: these, on one hand, beating, those, on the other hand, destroying.

MY TAKE: 

Bad people are bad in a variety of ways.

GREEK (Each Word Explained Bottom of Page): 

GREEK ORDER: 

καὶ   ἄλλον    ἀπέστειλεν: κἀκεῖνον  ἀπέκτειναν,      καὶ πολλοὺς ἄλλους,
And another.  he sent out This one   they destroyed, and many     others:

οὓς     μὲν                  δέροντες οὓς     δὲ                          ἀποκτέννυντες.
these, on one hand,   beating,  those, on the other hand, destroying.

LOST IN TRANSLATION: 

Here we see an uncommon grammatical used to provide a more humorous flow to Jesus's story-telling. It describes "one one hand, beating" and "on the other hand, destroying." As we often see, Jesus uses exaggeration. The word translated as "killing" is more extreme than just killing. In the previous verse, Mark 12:4, this was described as "totalling." The word translated as "beating" primarily means "flogging" though it can mean "flaying," both bloody events.

# KJV TRANSLATION ISSUES: 

6
  • OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "again" existed in the KJV Greek source but not the source we use today.
  • CW --Confusing Word -- The "sent" does not capture the word's specific meaning of "sent off" or "sent out."
  • IW - Inserted Word -- The word "and" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
  • WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "him" means "that one."
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "one one hand" is not shown in the English translation as part of an "on one hand" construction.
  • WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "and" means "but" and, with the word above, "on the other hand."

# NIV TRANSLATION ISSUES: 

11
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" is not shown in the English translation as part of an "on one hand" construction.
  • CW --Confusing Word -- The "sent" does not capture the word's specific meaning of "sent off" or "sent out."
  • IW - Inserted Word -- The word "still" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
  • IW - Inserted Word -- The word "and" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" is not shown in the English translation as part of an "on one hand" construction.
  • IP - Inserted phrase-- The phrase "he sent" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "on one hand" is not shown in the English translation as part of an "on one hand" construction.
  • IP - Inserted phrase-- The phrase "of them" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
  • WF - Wrong Form -  The "beat" is not an active verb but a participle, "beating."
  • WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "others" means "some" or "those."
  • WF - Wrong Form -  The "kllled" is not an active verb but a participle, "killing."

# 3RD TRANSLATION ISSUES: 

15
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" is not shown in the English translation as part of an "on one hand" construction.
  • CW --Confusing Word -- The "sent" does not capture the word's specific meaning of "sent off" or "sent out."
  • WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "next" means "another."
  • IW - Inserted Word -- The word "servant" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "that person" is not shown in the English translation as part of an "on one hand" construction.
  • WF - Wrong Form-- This "was" indicates a passive following verb. The verb is not passive.
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "and" is not shown in the English translation .
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "many" is not shown in the English translation as part of an "on one hand" construction.
  • IP - Inserted phrase-- The phrase "he sent" doesn't exist in the source and isn't otherwise justified.
  • WF - Wrong Form-- This "were" indicates a passive following verb. The verb is not passive.
  • WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "either" means "on one hand."
  • WF - Wrong Form-- This "beaten" is not passive but an adjective, "beating."
  • WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "or" means "on the other hand."
  • MW - Missing Word -- The word "some" is not shown in the English translation.
  • WF - Wrong Form -  The "killed" is not an active verb but a participle, "killing."

EACH WORD of KJV : 

And -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

again -- (OS) There is nothing in the Greek that can be translated as "again" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used.

he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.

sent   --- (CW) The "send " here is a word that means "to send off" and "dispatch." It is the source of our word "apostle." This word is not the simple "send" but a more complex one that means "send out" or "send from."

another -- "Another" is an adjective means "another", "one besides", "of another sort", "different", "other than what is true", "as well", "besides,"  and so on.

and -- (IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "and" in the source we use today nor was there one in the source that the KJV translators used. It was added for clarity.

him -- (WW) The word translated as "him" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there."  It  means "the person there", "that person", etc,

they -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.

killed, -- "Killed" is translated from a Greek word that means "destroy" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, destroy in a more thorough way. When we talk about "destroying" someone, we use it to mean destroying their reputation, the strength of their spirit and ideas as well as physically killing them. In the previous verse, this was described as "totally." This is more the sense here.

and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

many -- The word translated as "many" means many in number, great in power or worth, and large in size.

others; -- "Others" is an adjective means "another", "one besides", "of another sort", "different", "other than what is true", "as well", "besides,"  and so on. It is the plural form of "another" used above.

missing "on one hand" -- (MW) The untranslated  word here is a particle, which. when used alone, expresses certainty, "truly" and "certainly". In alteration with the "but" below this word create an comparison in a series, "one one hand...on the other hand."

beating -- The Greek verb translated as "beating" means "to flay" or "to skin" someone, though in later use it came to mean "to cudgel" or "to thrash." Jesus seems to use it to mean "to flog".   The form is an adjective, "flogging."

some, -- The word translated as "some" is a demonstrative pronoun ("this" "that"), but it often acts as a pronoun ("the one that), especially a connective pronoun ("the one that") introducing a dependent clause.

and -- (WW) The Greek word translated as "and" means "but", "however", and "on the other hand". Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.  However, in alteration with the untranslated "truly" above, it creates an comparison in a series, "one one hand...on the other hand."

killing -- "Killing" is the same word as the verb earlier, but in the form of an adjective. It is translated from a Greek word that means "destroy" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, destroy in a more thorough way. When we talk about "destroying" someone, we use it to mean destroying their reputation, the strength of their spirit and ideas as well as physically killing them. This is more the sense here.

some. -- The word translated as "some" is a demonstrative pronoun ("this" "that"), but it often acts as a pronoun ("the one that), especially a connective pronoun ("the one that") introducing a dependent clause.

EACH WORD of NIV : 

missing "And" -- (MW) The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.

sent   --- (CW) The "send " here is a word that means "to send off" and "dispatch." It is the source of our word "apostle." This word is not the simple "send" but a more complex one that means "send out" or "send from."

still -- (IW)  There is no Greek word that is translated as "still" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used.

another -- "Another" is an adjective means "another", "one besides", "of another sort", "different", "other than what is true", "as well", "besides,"  and so on.

and -- (IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "and" in the source we use today nor was there one in the source that the KJV translators used. It was added for clarity.

That one-- The word translated as "that one" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there."  It  means "the person there", "that person", etc,

they -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.

killed, -- "Killed" is translated from a Greek word that means "destroy" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, destroy in a more thorough way. When we talk about "destroying" someone, we use it to mean destroying their reputation, the strength of their spirit and ideas as well as physically killing them. In the previous verse, this was described as "totally." This is more the sense here.

and -- (MW) The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

He sent -- (IP) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "he sent" in the Greek source.

many -- The word translated as "many" means many in number, great in power or worth, and large in size.

others; -- "Others" is an adjective means "another", "one besides", "of another sort", "different", "other than what is true", "as well", "besides,"  and so on. It is the plural form of "another" used above.

missing "on one hand" -- (MW) The untranslated  word here is a particle, which. when used alone, expresses certainty, "truly" and "certainly". In alteration with the "but" below this word create an comparison in a series, "one one hand...on the other hand."

some -- The word translated as "some" is a demonstrative pronoun ("this" "that"), but it often acts as a pronoun ("the one that), especially a connective pronoun ("the one that") introducing a dependent clause.

of them (IP) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "of them" in the Greek source.

they , -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.

beat -- (WF) The Greek verb translated as "beat" means "to flay" or "to skin" someone, though in later use it came to mean "to cudgel" or "to thrash." Jesus seems to use it to mean being "to flog".  The form is an adjective, "flogging."

missing "on the other hand"  (MW) The Greek word translated as "and" means "but", "however", and "on the other hand". Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.  However, in alteration with the untranslated "truly" above, it creates an comparison in a series, "one one hand...on the other hand."

others -- (WW) The word translated as "others" is not the Greek word for "others" used above. It  a demonstrative pronoun ("this" "that"), but it often acts as a pronoun ("the one that), especially a connective pronoun ("the one that") introducing a dependent clause.

they -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.

killed -- (WF) "Killed" is the same word as the verb earlier, but in the form of an adjective. It is translated from a Greek word that means "destroy" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, destroy in a more thorough way. When we talk about "destroying" someone, we use it to mean destroying their reputation, the strength of their spirit and ideas as well as physically killing them. This is more the sense here.

EACH WORD 3RD (NLT or as noted): 

missing "And" -- (MW) The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

The -- (IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "the" in the source we use today nor was there one in the source that the KJV translators used.

next -- (WW) "Next" is an adjective means "another", "one besides", "of another sort", "different", "other than what is true", "as well", "besides,"  and so on.

servant (IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "servant" in the source we use today nor was there one in the source that the KJV translators used.

he -- This is from the third-person, singular form of the verb.

sent   --- (CW) The "send " here is a word that means "to send off" and "dispatch." It is the source of our word "apostle." This word is not the simple "send" but a more complex one that means "send out" or "send from." CW --Confusing Word -- The "sent" does not capture the word's specific meaning.

missing "that person" -- (MW) The untranslated  word is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there."  It  means "the person there", "that person", etc,

was -- (WF) This word indicates a passive following verb. The verb is not passive.

killed, -- "Killed" is translated from a Greek word that means "destroy" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, destroy in a more thorough way. When we talk about "destroying" someone, we use it to mean destroying their reputation, the strength of their spirit and ideas as well as physically killing them. In the previous verse, this was described as "totally." This is more the sense here.

missing "and" -- (MW) The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

missing "many" -- (MW) The word translated as "many" means many in number, great in power or worth, and large in size.

Others -- "Others" is an adjective means "another", "one besides", "of another sort", "different", "other than what is true", "as well", "besides,"  and so on. It is the plural form of "another" used above.

he sent -- (IP) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "he sent" in the Greek source.

were -- (WF) This word indicates a passive following verb. The verb is not passive.

either -- (WW) The untranslated  word here is a particle, which. when used alone, expresses certainty, "truly" and "certainly". In alteration with the "but" below this word create an comparison in a series, "one one hand...on the other hand." This is not the Greek construction for "either...or."

beaten -- (WF) The Greek verb translated as "beaten" means "to flay" or "to skin" someone, though in later use it came to mean "to cudgel" or "to thrash." Jesus seems to use it to mean being "to flog".  The form is an adjective, "flogging."

or --   (WW) The Greek word means "but", "however", and "on the other hand". Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.  However, in alteration with the untranslated "truly" above, it creates an comparison in a series, "one one hand...on the other hand."

missing "some" -- (MW) The untranslated word is a demonstrative pronoun ("this" "that"), but it often acts as a pronoun ("the one that), especially a connective pronoun ("the one that") introducing a dependent clause.

killed,  -- (WF) "Killed" is the same word as the verb earlier, but in the form of an adjective. It is translated from a Greek word that means "destroy" more than just "kill" because the base word means "slay." The Greek source has the sense of "kill off," that is, destroy in a more thorough way. When we talk about "destroying" someone, we use it to mean destroying their reputation, the strength of their spirit and ideas as well as physically killing them. The form is not an passive verb, but an adjective, "killing" or "destroying."

COMPARISON: GREEK to KJV : 

καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."

ἄλλον  [34 verses](adj sg masc acc) "Another" is allos, which means "another", "one besides", "of another sort", "different", "other than what is true", "as well", "besides," {with numerals: "yet", "still", "further"), "of other sort", "other than what is", "untrue", "unreal", "other than right", "wrong", "bad", "unworthy," [with an article] "the rest", "all besides," and [in series] "one...another."

ἀπέστειλεν [60 verses] ( verb 3rd sg aor ind act ) "He sent " is apostello, which means "to send off", "to send away," or "to dispatch."

κἀκεῖνον [107 verses](( adj sg masc acc ) "At him" is ekeinos, which means "the person there", "that person", "that thing", "in that case", "in that way", "at that place," and "in that manner."

ἀπέκτειναν[31 verses]( verb 3rd pl aor ind act ) "They killed" is apokteino, which means "to kill," and "to slay." It combines the word for "to slay" (kteino) with the proposition, apo, indicating separation, meaning "from" or "away from."but it is a stronger form than the normal verb kteino. It is more like our "destroy."

καὶ [1089 verses] (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."

πολλοὺς [61 verses] ( adj pl masc acc ) "Many" is polys, which means "many (in number)," "great (in size or power or worth)," and "large (of space)." As an adverb, it means "far," "very much," "a great way," and "long."

ἄλλους, [34 verses](adj pl masc acc) "Others" is allos, which means "another", "one besides", "of another sort", "different", "other than what is true", "as well", "besides," {with numerals: "yet", "still", "further"), "of other sort", "other than what is", "untrue", "unreal", "other than right", "wrong", "bad", "unworthy," [with an article] "the rest", "all besides," and [in series] "one...another."

οὓς [294 verses] ( pron pl masc acc ) "Some" is hos, which means "this", "that", "he", "she", "which", "what", "who", "whosoever", "where", "for which reason," and many similar meanings.

μὲν [31 verses]( partic) Untranslated is men, which is generally used to express certainty and means "indeed", "certainly", "surely," and "truly." Used with the conjunction de, as it is here, it points out the specific word being contrast after the conjunction. In English, we usually say, one one hand...on the other... See the article here for specific uses with other particles.

δέροντες [8 verses](part pl pres act masc nom ) "Beating" is from dero, which means "to flay" or "to skin" someone, though in later use it came to mean "to cudgel" or "to thrash."

οὓς [294 verses] ( pron pl masc acc ) "Some" is hos, which means "this", "that", "he", "she", "which", "what", "who", "whosoever", "where", "for which reason," and many similar meanings. -- The word translated as "who" is a demonstrative pronoun ("this" "that"), but it often acts as a pronoun ("the one that), especially a connective pronoun ("the one that") introducing a dependent clause.

δὲ [446 verses](conj) "But" is de which means "but" and "on the other hand." It is the particle that joins sentences in an adversarial way but can also be an explanation of indirect cause ("so"). In an  "if" (εἰ ) clause or temporal "when" (ὅταν) clause the sense is "if/when... then." In a series begun by men, its means "on the other hand."

ἀποκτέννυντες.  [31 verses]( part pl pres act masc nom ) "Killing" is apokteino, which means "to kill," and "to slay." It combines the word for "to slay" (kteino) with the proposition, apo, indicating separation, meaning "from" or "away from."but it is a stronger form than the normal verb kteino. It is more like our "destroy."

Wordplay: 

The words for sending (apostellô) and killing (apokteinô) used here both begin with apo the particle of separation.

Related Verses: 

Possible Symbolic Meaning: 

The odd thing about this verse is that Jesus doesn't simply repeat the incident three times, his normal pattern. Instead, he uses the term polys, which he uses to indicate doing something so frequent that it cannot be easily numbered except by God. The hairs on our head are polys (Matthew 10:30). He then offers and alternative series of abuses that goes on and on.

Front Page Date: 

Aug 11 2023